Showing papers on "Ka band published in 1987"
TL;DR: In this paper, a Ka-band gyrotron oscillator powered by a 600 kV pulse-line accelerator has produced approximately 100 MW at 35 GHz in a circular TE62 mode.
Abstract: A Ka‐ band gyrotron oscillator powered by a 600 kV pulse‐line accelerator has produced approximately 100 MW at 35 GHz in a circular TE62 mode. It has also demonstrated frequency tuning over the range 28 to 49 GHz by operating in a family of TEm2 modes, with the azimuthal index m ranging from 4 to 10, by variation of the guide magnetic field. Operation is in general agreement with the predictions of theory.
44 citations
Journal Article•
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a key monolithic circuits to Ka-band full-MMIC receivers have been designed and fabricated, where conventional hybrid-oriented elements such as RF image-rejection filters, LO dielectric resonators and IF hybrid couplers have been eliminated for the full MMIC configuration.
Abstract: Key monolithic circuits to Ka-band full MMIC receivers have been designed and fabricated. Conventional hybrid-oriented elements such as RF image-rejection filters, LO dielectric resonators and IF hybrid couplers have been eliminated for the full MMIC configuration. Prospects have been obtained for realization of very-small-size microwave communication receivers.
21 citations
15 Feb 1987
TL;DR: The first quarter century of U.S. solar system exploration using unmanned spacecraft has involved progressively higher operating frequencies for deep space telemetry: L-band (960 MHz) in 1962 to S-band(2.3 GHz) in 1964 to X-band-8.4 GHZ) in 1977 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The first quarter century of U.S. solar system exploration using unmanned spacecraft has involved progressively higher operating frequencies for deep space telemetry: L-band (960 MHz) in 1962 to S-band (2.3 GHz) in 1964 to X-band (8.4 GHZ) in 1977. The next logical frequency to develop for deep space is the Ka-band (32 GHz) for which a primary deep space allocation of 500 MHz between 31.8 to 32.3 GHz was established in 1979. The telecommunications capability was improved by a factor of 77 (18.9 dB) through the frequency changes from L-band to X-band. Another improvement factor of 14.5 (11.6 dB) can be achieved by going to Ka-band. Plans to develop and demonstrate Ka-band capability include the continued measurement of weather effects at Deep Space Network (DSN) sites, development of a prototype DSN ground antenna and supporting subsystems, augmentation of planned spacecraft with Ka-band beacons, and development of spacecraft prototype modules for future Ka-band transmitters. Plans for augmenting the DSN with Ka-band capability by 1995 were also developed. A companion set of articles describes the Ka-band performance and technology in greater detail.
13 citations
Patent•
13 Jan 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, a waveguide-fed microwave system for cavity-backed spiral antennas for the Ka band is described, where a microwave device has a pair of balanced, parallel feed wires, and a doubled tapered ridge transformer is used to connect the waveguide transmission line to the balanced parallel wires of the microwave device providing a direct symmetrical transition.
Abstract: A waveguide-fed microwave system particularly for cavity-backed spiral antennas for the Ka band comprises a waveguide transmission line; a microwave device having a pair of balanced, parallel feed wires; and a doubled tapered ridge transformer directly connecting the waveguide transmission line to the balanced, parallel feed wires of the microwave device providing a direct symmetrical transition between the waveguide transmission line and the microwave device.
8 citations
Proceedings Article•
01 Jan 19876 citations
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of transmitted signal power changes on the performance of a Ka-band system were measured using a laboratory hardware-based satellite communication system simulator, and the results of these measurements were discussed.
Abstract: A laboratory hardware-based satellite communication system simulator has been used to measure the effects of transmitted signal power changes on the performance of a Ka-band system. Such power changes can be used to compensate for signal fade due to rain attenuation. This paper presents and discusses the results of these measurements.
6 citations
01 Oct 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, the analysis and design of evanescent mode waveguide filters with non-touching E-plane fins are presented, based on the generalized scattering matrix technique in conjunction with the spectral domain approach and mode matching method.
Abstract: The analysis and design of evanescent mode waveguide filters with non-touching E-plane fins are presented. The theoretical analysis is based on the generalized scattering matrix technique in conjunction with the spectral domain approach and mode matching method. The mesasured filter responses in Ka band (26.5-40.0 GHz) are in good agreement with those obtained by analysis.
6 citations
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of transmitted signal power changes on the performance of a Ka-band system were measured using a laboratory hardware-based satellite communication system simulator, and the results of these measurements were discussed.
Abstract: A laboratory hardware-based satellite communication system simulator has been used to measure the effects of transmitted signal power changes on the performance of a Ka-band system. Such power changes can be used to compensate for signal fade due to rain attenuation. This paper presents and discusses the results of these measurements.
5 citations
4 citations
15 Feb 1987
TL;DR: At the 1979 World Administrative Conference, two new bands were allocated for deep space telecommunications: 318 to 323 GHz, space-to-Earth, and 342 to 347 GHz, Earthto-space These bands provide opportunity for further development of the Deep Space Network and its support of deep space research as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: At the 1979 World Administrative Conference, two new bands were allocated for deep space telecommunications: 318 to 323 GHz, space-to-Earth, and 342 to 347 GHz, Earth-to-space These bands provide opportunity for further development of the Deep Space Network and its support of deep space research The history of the process by which JPL/NASA developed the rationale, technical background, and statement of requirement for the bands are discussed Based on this work, United States proposals to the conference included the bands, and subsequent US and NASA participation in the conference led to successful allocations for deep space telecommunications in the 30 GHz region of the spectrum A detailed description of the allocations is included
15 Feb 1987
TL;DR: In this article, two models of the Deep Space Network (DSN) 70 m antenna performance at Ka-band (32 GHz) and, for comparison purposes, one at X-band(8.4 GHz) were provided.
Abstract: Two models are provided of the Deep Space Network (DSN) 70 m antenna performance at Ka-band (32 GHz) and, for comparison purposes, one at X-band (8.4 GHz). The baseline 70 m model represents expected X-band and Ka-band performance at the end of the currently ongoing 64 m to 70 m mechanical upgrade. The improved 70 m model represents two sets of Ka-band performance estimates (the X-band performance will not change) based on two separately developed improvement schemes: the first scheme, a mechanical approach, reduces tolerances of the panels and their settings, the reflector structure and subreflector, and the pointing and tracking system. The second, an electronic/mechanical approach, uses an array feed scheme to compensate fo lack of antenna stiffness, and improves panel settings using microwave holographic measuring techniques. Results are preliminary, due to remaining technical and cost uncertainties. However, there do not appear to be any serious difficulties in upgrading the baseline DSN 70 m antenna network to operate efficiently in an improved configuration at 32 GHz (Ka-band). This upgrade can be achieved by a conventional mechanical upgrade or by a mechanical/electronic combination. An electronically compensated array feed system is technically feasible, although it needs to be modeled and demonstrated. Similarly, the mechanical upgrade requires the development and demonstration of panel actuators, sensors, and an optical surveying system.
Patent•
29 May 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, two sets of horizontal polarizations and two set of vertical polarizations are sent from a Ka band antenna 1a and an antenna 2a, an a Ka-band antenna 3a and 4a, respectively.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To increase a revolving speed of a scanner, and to improve the marine vessel tracking capacity by providing 2 sets of horizontal polarization use and two set of vertical polarization use Ka band antennas being back to back, and also one set of an X band scanner, on a rotation driving device. CONSTITUTION:A horizontal polarization and a vertical polarization are sent from a Ka band antenna 1a and an antenna 2a, an a Ka band antenna 3a and 4a, respectively. A radar video by two horizontal polarizations and a radar video by two vertical polarizations, which have been received by a Ka band transmitter-receiver 9 and shifted by 180 deg. are brought to a phase adjustment in a processor 11, also clutters by the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization are compared, and a sea clutter is decreased and eliminated. On the other hand, a pulse group which has been generated from an X and transmitter-receiver 20 is emitted from an antenna 7 through an exclusive path in a triple rotary joint 8a, and a receiving signal returned to the transmitter- receiver 10 from the joint 8a. As for the received radar video, the sea clutter is compared by an X band and a Ka band by a processor 11 and eliminated.
15 Feb 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, a proposal for a Ka-Band (32 GHz) Link Experiment (KABLE) with the Mars Observer mission was submitted to NASA and the experiment will rely on the fourth harmonic of the spacecraft X-band transmitter to generate a 33.6 GHz signal.
Abstract: A proposal for a Ka-Band (32 GHz) Link Experiment (KABLE) with the Mars Observer mission was submitted to NASA. The experiment will rely on the fourth harmonic of the spacecraft X-band transmitter to generate a 33.6 GHz signal. The experiment will rely also on the Deep Space Network (DSN) receiving station equipped to simultaneously receive X- and Ka-band signals. The experiment will accurately measure the spacecraft-to-Earth telecommunication link performance at Ka-band and X-band (8.4 GHz).
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: In this article, a sub-half-micrometer GaAs power FETs fabricated with a side-etched-gate technology (1-3) have been developed that exhibit low junction temperatures suitable for space application.
Abstract: Sub-half-micrometer GaAs power FETs fabricated with a side-etched-gate technology (1-3) have been developed that exhibit low junction temperatures suitable for space application (4). With these devices high efficiency amplifier modules have been developed and will be reported on. At 20 GHz, using these devices, a high gain module was assembled that had an output power of 775 +- 75 mW from 18- to 20-GHz with 6.9 +- 0.2 dB gain, and a maximum efficiency of 20.3%. At 35 GHz, an output power of 210 mW with 3 dB gain and 22% efficiency has been obtained with one 0.6 mm width cell, and two cells were combined to obtain 300 mW with 3 dB gain and 18.8% efficiency. The power and efficiency results obtained at 35 GHz are some of the highest reported to date and indicate that Ka-band solid state power amplifiers are feasible.
15 Feb 1987
TL;DR: In this article, a road map for the development of a protoflight 32 GHz spacecraft solid state transmitter is given, where the major milestones include development of device and component technology required for use in the spaceborne experimental and operational transmitter systems, and two experimental spacecraft transmitter systems are envisioned: first, a low power beacon, to determine the performance of a 32 GHz downlink communications system; and second, an array feed, to further verify the results of the first experiment and service as a test bed for technologies required for an operational system.
Abstract: A road map for the development of a protoflight 32 GHz spacecraft solid state transmitter is given. The major milestones include the development of device and component technology required for use in the spaceborne experimental and operational transmitter systems. Two experimental spacecraft transmitter systems are envisioned: first, a low power beacon, to determine the performance of a 32 GHz downlink communications system; and second, an array feed, to further verify the results of the first experiment and service as a test bed for technology required for an operational system. The first experiment was proposed to NASA Headquarters for flight aboard the Mars Observer spacecraft with spacecraft integration in early 1989. The second is to be available for integration aboard a spacecraft such as the Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby (CRAF) mission in the 1990 time frame. These experimental systems are to lead to the development of a protoflight transmitter for subsequent spacecraft integration in 1992, the time frame of the Cassini mission to Saturn.
01 Feb 1987
TL;DR: In this article, the antenna gain is optimized to achieve low overall system noise levels of 16 to 20 K by using cryogenically cooled preamplifiers closely coupled with an appropriately balanced antenna gain/spillover design.
Abstract: A primary requirement of the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) is to provide for optimal reception of very low signal levels. This requirement necessitates optimizing the antenna gain to the total system operating noise level quotient. Low overall system noise levels of 16 to 20 K are achieved by using cryogenically cooled preamplifiers closely coupled with an appropriately balanced antenna gain/spillover design. Additionally, high-power transmitters (up to 400 kW CW) are required for spacecraft emergency command and planetary radar experiments. The frequency bands allocated for deep space telemetry are narrow bands near 2.1 and 2.3 GHz (Ka-band), 7.1 and 8.4 GHz (X-band), and 32 and 34.5 GHz (Ka-band). In addition, planned operations for the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) program require continuous low-noise receive coverage over the 1 to 10 GHz band. To summarize, DSN antennas must operate efficiently with low receive noise and high-power uplink over the 1 to 35 GHz band.
01 Dec 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, the design and development of mm-wave finline and crossbar suspended stripline balanced mixer for Ka-band downconverters is described, and a convertion loss of 5.9±0.6dB over the frequency band 32 to 36 GHz has been achieved in a cross-bar straddling structure, and 6.5± 0.7dB in a fin-line with suspended straddled structure.
Abstract: The design and development of mm-wave finline and crossbar suspended stripline balanced mixer for Ka-Band downconverters is described. A convertion loss of 5.9±0.6dB over the frequency band 32 to 36 GHz has been achieved in a crossbar stripline structure, and 6.5±0.7dB over the frequency band 26,5 to 40 GHz in a fin-line with suspended stripline structure.
01 Dec 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, a OdBm Ka Band Waveguide PIN diode stepped attenuator with up to 45dB of attenuation is described, which is digitally addressed in steps of 0.5dB whilst maintaining a return loss better than 20dB at one port over a 1 GHz band.
Abstract: A OdBm Ka Band Waveguide PIN diode stepped attenuator giving up to 45dB of attenuation is described. The attenuator is digitally addressed in steps of 0.5dB whilst maintaining a return loss better than 20dB at one port over a 1 GHz band, Details of the drive circuit and switching characteristics are presented and system applications are discussed briefly.
01 Feb 1987
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) for millimeter wave phased array radars and communications systems, which greatly increases system performance and cost effectiveness as well as overall flexibility and reliability.
Abstract: : Monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) are presently being developed for millimeter wave phased array radars and communications systems. Incorporating monolithic active circuitry into these arrays greatly increases system performance and cost effectiveness as well as overall flexibility and reliability. To achieve this system performance, radiating elements are needed which are efficient, exhibit broad band- and beamwidths, are lightweight, low in cost, and that are directly integratable with monolithic circuitry. (Author)
01 Dec 1987
TL;DR: In this article, the dispersion and coupling characteristics of the coupled image guides are studied by using the odd-even mode principle and effective dielectric constant method, and the practical design of the image quide directional couplers is presented.
Abstract: The dispersion and coupling characteristics of the coupled image guides are studied by using the odd-even mode principle and effective dielectric constant method The practical design of the image quide directional couplers is presented The experiments of 3-dB and 10-dB couplers in ka band show several good features which are very useful to millimeter wave integrated circuits with flat coupling, easy design and fabrication, mechanical stability and low losses
15 Feb 1987
TL;DR: The benefits of using 32 GHz downlinks for a set of deep space missions, as well as the implications to radio science and the Deep Space Network (DSN) are documented in this paper.
Abstract: The benefits of using 32 GHz downlinks for a set of deep space missions, as well as the implications to radio science and the Deep Space Network (DSN) are documented. The basic comparison is between the use of the current X-band (8.4 GHz) and a 32 GHZ (Ka-band) downlink. There was shown to be approximately an 8 dB (about 600%) link advantage for 32 GHz. This 8 dB advantage would be able to either reduce mission cost or improve mission science return. Included here are studies on how the 8 dB advantage would be used for the Cassini and Mars Sample Return missions. While the work is preliminary, it shows that the 8 dB advantage can be exploited to provide large benefits to future deep space missions. There can be significant mass and/or power savings to the spacecraft, which can translate into cost savings. Alternatively, the increased downlink telecommunications performance can provide a greater science return.
01 Dec 1987
TL;DR: In this article, the design of Ka Band Receiver Protectors for use up to 80kW was discussed, which offers full passive protection, controlled phase performance and high reliability, and has been proven in full system operation.
Abstract: This paper discusses the design of Ka Band Receiver Protectors for use up to 80KW. The unique design offers full passive protection, controlled phase performance and high reliability. The design has been proven in full system operation.
01 Oct 1987
TL;DR: In this article, the design, construction and performance of a millimeter wave power divider which operates over the entire Ka-band is described, which can be used in a variety of applications such as phased arrays or measurement equipment.
Abstract: This paper describes the design, construction and performance of a millimeter wave power divider which operates over the entire Ka-band. Performance of the power divider enclosed in a metallized composite housing is shown. The integration of E-plane circuits and lightweight composite material makes this an inexpensive millimeter wave component which can be useful in a variety of applications such as phased arrays or measurement equipment.
01 Jun 1987
TL;DR: A new network analyzer with enhanced user features has been described and the source locking concept provides the high speed synthesized signal that leads to fast operation.
Abstract: A new network analyzer with enhanced user features has been described. The source locking concept provides the high speed synthesized signal that leads to fast operation. A new sampler design utilizing the K Connector permits operation to 40 GHz which covers the important Ka band. A color display is incorporated with system flexibility to display a single trace or a display of as many as eight traces showing four S parameters simultaneously. Color has been used to provide easy to interpret output data as well as a user interface that makes it easy to use the full functional capability of the analyzer.
TL;DR: In this article, a monolithic two-stage gain control amplifier using submicron gate length dual gate MESFETs fabricated on ion implanted material has been developed with a gain of 12 dB at 30 GHz.
Abstract: A monolithic two stage gain control amplifier has been developed using submicron gate length dual gate MESFETs fabricated on ion implanted material. The amplifier has a gain of 12 dB at 30 GHz with a gain control range of over 30 dB. This ion implanted monolithic IC is readily integrable with other phased array receiver functions such as low noise amplifiers and phase shifters.