Showing papers on "Ka band published in 2006"
TL;DR: A Ka-band transceiver using low-power double-sideband transmission to detect human heartbeat and respiration signals is demonstrated, and the detection accuracy is significantly improved with low transmitted power.
Abstract: A Ka-band transceiver using low-power double-sideband transmission to detect human heartbeat and respiration signals is demonstrated. The Ka-band electromagnetic wave offers higher detection sensitivity on small movement due to its shorter wavelength. Indirect-conversion receiver architecture is chosen to reduce the dc offset and 1/f noise that can degrade the signal-to-noise ratio and detection accuracy. Furthermore, the double-sideband signals at the transmitter output can be in quadrature by choosing a proper frequency separation to relieve the severe null point problem that occurs at high frequency. As a result,the detection accuracy is significantly improved with low transmitted power. This radar sensor system achieves better than 80% detection accuracy at a distance of 2.0 m with a combined transmitted power of only 12.5 /spl mu/W in both sidebands.
279 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a physically based ocean surface wave model modified by rain was developed and the microwave backscatter was calculated using a multiscale scattering model, which is used to validate and tune the surface model.
Abstract: [1] The effect of rain on the ocean surface alters the relationship between the surface wind vector and microwave backscatter, presenting an obstacle to wind retrieval via scatterometry. To address the effect of rain on surface backscatter, we develop a physically based ocean surface wave model modified by rain. Microwave backscatter is then calculated using a multiscale scattering model. Comparisons to observations at Ku band are used to validate and tune our surface model. Simulations give insight into backscattering surface features: ring waves result primarily from the collapse of the splash-created stalk, and the impulse responsible for the generation of ring waves has a radius roughly 5 times the drop's radius. Comparisons also show that backscatter from stationary splash features is necessary to accurately reproduce the effect of rain at Ku band. For Ku band our simulations expand upon prior measurements showing that rain increases backscatter and diminishes azimuthal variations. There is, however, a wind relative azimuthal signature in the backscatter for most rainfall rates. Simulations at Ka band, C band, and L band without the contribution from stationary splash features show that rain-created ring waves often alter backscatter. The effects are greatest at Ka band where they mirror changes to the very high-frequency region of the surface wave spectrum. C band backscatter is increased at moderate and high incidence angles and is sensitive to rain-induced damping. The effect of rain on L band is to decrease backscatter at high rain rate, and it is also dependent on rain-induced damping.
66 citations
01 Jul 2006
TL;DR: A concept of low-cost imaging Ka-Band radar integrated into under-wings pods that are fixed on a STEMME S10VT motorglider, suitable for future integration on board small vehicles, such as UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle).
Abstract: Following previous studies, a concept of low-cost imaging Ka-Band radar is presented in this paper. This radar is integrated into under-wings pods that are fixed on a STEMME S10VT motorglider. This radar concept combines real aperture in the cross-track direction, by the antennas geometrical aperture, and synthetic aperture in the along-track direction, realized with the aircraft motion. Radar front-end uses FMCW (for Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) technique which allows to reduce the power emission to a few Watts. In addition, the use of the millimeter band induces antennas size reduction, and makes possible the radar integration into pods. Thus, radar particularities are a low- size, a low-weight and a low-cost basis, making this radar suitable for future integration on board small vehicles, such as UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). The radar definition and specifications will be exposed, together with the first results obtained on April 2006. Two ways of operation will be exposed: An application as vertical sounder, using cylindrical horn antennas, and an application as SAR radar, using rectangular antennas. The two cases will be illustrated by samples of results.
55 citations
50 citations
01 Nov 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a step-stopped-reflector antenna (SRA) and a dual-band high efficiency horn (DBHEH) for communication satellite payloads, which achieved significant improvements in EIRP, G/T, and co-polar isolation.
Abstract: This paper addresses some of the recent developments at LMCSS in the area of multiple beam and reconfigurable beam antennas for communication satellite payloads. These advancements include (a) multiple aperture dual-band reflector antennas, (b) high efficiency horns covering 50% bandwidth, (c) a novel ?stepped-reflector antenna? (SRA) technology, and (d) reconfigurable beam antennas for HIEO and GEO satellites. It is shown that by combining the reflector improvements through the use of SRA with the feed improvements through the use of dual-band high efficiency horns (DBHEH), significant improvements in EIRP, G/T, and co-polar isolation (C/I) can be achieved. The SRA system produces ?flat-top? radiation patterns for receive beams and highly efficient Gaussian patterns for transmit beams over a geographic coverage as seen by the satellite. The DBHEH designs employ ?slope-discontinuities? to generate desired higher order modes over both transmit and receive bands. By employing a ?frequency-dependant? horn design for the DBHEH, it is shown that the step size can be significantly reduced and can be easily blended into the reflector surface for ease of fabrication. Detailed design of a K/Ka band MBA with about 68 spot beams is presented. The RF performance of this novel MBA has been evaluated and shows significant improvements in EIRP, G/T, and C/I in comparison with a conventional MBA. Comparison results of the advanced MBA with conventional MBA are presented in the paper. Design examples for both FSS and DBS satellites are discussed. A novel reconfigurable antenna suitable for HIEO and GEO satellites has been developed at LMCSS. It employs a non-focused reflector (NFR) antenna using a shaped mesh-reflector, and a small active feed array located in the focal-plane of the NFR in order to continuously reconfigure the beam(s), as the satellite goes through the HIEO orbit. The NFR approach has the advantages of reducing the number of feed array elements significantly while achieving the desired beam flexibility. Feed technology advancement for FSS and BSS satellites that includes high efficiency horns, trifurcated horns, feed networks, and trends in high power TVAC testing are briefly discussed.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new broadband passive quadrature differential coupler has been realized at millimeter-wave frequencies, achieving return loss better than 20 dB, with an isolation of 15 dB, and adequate phase and amplitude mismatch.
Abstract: A new broadband monolithic passive quadrature differential coupler has been realized at millimeter-wave frequencies. The new coupler is implemented on a multidielectric layer structure to achieve a broadband performance from 15 to 45 GHz in a simple coplanar configuration. The coupler has been monolithically fabricated using the IBM SIGEHP (BICMOS 5HP) process. Measured return loss better than 20 dB, with an isolation of 15 dB, and adequate phase and amplitude mismatch have been achieved over 3 : 1 bandwidth centered at 30 GHz. This performance is especially important to the intended use with wideband double-balanced mixers and amplifiers. To shrink the overall coupler area, a slow-wave technique has been introduced, resulting in an overall size reduction of the coupler by almost 38%. The fabricated slow-wave differential coupler measured results show return loss better than 25 dB, isolation better than 15 dB, and phase and amplitude mismatch within plusmn5deg and plusmn1 dB, respectively
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a 0.75m Cassegrain offset subreflector-fed X/Ka dual-band reflectarray antenna is presented, where the phase corrections in the reflectarray required to form a planar phase front are realized by rotating microstrip ring elements.
Abstract: The development of a 0.75-m Cassegrain offset subreflector-fed X/Ka dual-band reflectarray antenna is presented. The subreflector (SR) is fabricated using combinations of prescribed geometric parameters and two left-hand circularly polarized microstrip patch arrays are designed as feed networks with one covering X-band and the other covering Ka-band. The phase corrections in the reflectarray required to form a planar phase front are realized by rotating microstrip ring elements. Low-dielectric constant foam layers are inserted below both the X- and Ka-band membranes to act as support structures and to minimize the degrading effects of thin substrates. It is believed that this is the first Cassegrain offset-fed reflectarray ever been developed. The measured results show efficiencies around 50% for both frequency bands with room for improvements
30 citations
09 Jul 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the design, fabrication and measurement results of the first MEMS-based, passive subarray is discussed, and the system is based on distributed MEMS transmission lines (DMTL) by Barker and Rebeiz, 2003.
Abstract: In this paper, design, fabrication and measurement results of the first MEMS based, passive subarray is discussed. The system is based on distributed MEMS transmission lines (DMTL) by Barker and Rebeiz, (2003), which are the lowest loss analog time delay units (TDUs) currently available, outperforming contemporary MMIC, ferroelectric and photonic true time delay (TTD) units in terms of loss and outperforming digital beamforming (DBF) technology in terms of cost and feasibility. Also, in contrast to switched beamforming networks (BFN) based on SPNT switches and constrained lenses, such as the bootlace, Rotman and Archer lens, the noise figure of the passive line array scales readily with the amount of antenna elements and the transmit power is distributed and not limited by the SPNT, making it the subarray of choice for future integration in a hybrid ESA.
26 citations
11 Jun 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a broadband Ka-band AlGaN/GaN on SiC HEMT power amplifier MMIC was developed for millimeter-wave antenna applications and the output stage was composed of a 1.2-mm-wide device with 0.18 mum gate length.
Abstract: A broadband Ka-band AlGaN/GaN on SiC HEMT power amplifier MMIC was developed for millimeter-wave antenna applications. The output stage is composed of a 1.2-mm-wide device with 0.18 mum gate length. The two-stage 50-ohm matched MMIC produces 13plusmn1 dB of gain from 26 GHz to 36 GHz. At 35 GHz, the measured CW saturated output power was 4 W, indicating a power density of 3.3 W/mm. The power added efficiency was 23%. Across the band, the measured CW output power was > 2 W. While individual (or partially matched single stage) devices have been demonstrated with good output power, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a 10 GHz-bandwidth Ka-band GaN MMIC with high output power, gain, and return loss
23 citations
01 Oct 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the SIW cavity filters resonated on the high-mode can work on the higher frequency with the same size, which can be used to implement a higher frequency device with normal PCB process.
Abstract: This paper presents a scheme for designing band pass filters based on the high-mode of SIW cavity Compared with the dominant mode SIW cavity filters, the SIW cavity filters resonated on the high-mode can work on the higher frequency with the same size This property can be used to implement a higher frequency device with normal PCB process The response of dominant mode is suppressed by the cutoff frequency of SIW, the desired higher order modes are excited with special design, and the nearby spurious band is suppressed by adding a metal post in the center of the cavity
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the multiple-scattering effects as sensed by radars in configurations useful in the context of the Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) are evaluated for a range of meteorological profiles extracted from four different cloud-resolving model simulations.
Abstract: Multiple-scattering effects as sensed by radars in configurations useful in the context of the Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) are evaluated for a range of meteorological profiles extracted from four different cloud-resolving model simulations. The multiple-scattering effects are characterized in terms of both the reflectivity enhancement and the linear depolarization ratio. When considering the copolarized reflectivity in spaceborne configurations, the multiple-scattering enhancement becomes a real issue for Ka-band radars, though it is generally negligible at the Ku band, except in meteorologically important situations such as when high rain rates and a considerable amount of ice are present aloft. At Ka band it can reach tens of decibels when systems of heavy cold rain are considered, that is, profiles that include rain layers with high-density ice particles aloft. On the other hand, particularly at 35 GHz, high values of the linear depolarization ratio are predicted even in airborne config...
13 Sep 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, a two and three pole filters are designed in the Ka band with high permittivity yttria-stabilized Zirconia and achieved 1.05% bandwidth and insertion loss of 1.7dB.
Abstract: Electromagnetic BandGap (EBG) concept is used to create cavity by dimensioning a variant cell (or defect) inside a 2D EBG material. Compact high unloaded Q cavity (Qu ~ 2500) and narrow two and three pole filters are designed in Ka band. They are manufactured by layer-by-layer stereolithography and made out of high permittivity yttria-stabilized Zirconia. Measurements of the three pole filter working at 33.45GHz exhibits an 1.05% bandwidth and an insertion loss of 1.7dB. These specifiations are close to the theoretical values of 33GHz (1.5% shift in central working frequency) and 0.95% bandwidth.
05 May 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, a W band mechanically scanned imager designed for imaging weapons and contraband hidden under clothing is discussed, which is based on a modified folded conical scan technology previously reported.
Abstract: It is well known that millimetre waves can pass through clothing. In short range applications such as in the scanning of people for security purposes, operating at W band can be an advantage. The size of the equipment is decreased when compared to operation at Ka band and the equipments have similar performance.
In this paper a W band mechanically scanned imager designed for imaging weapons and contraband hidden under clothing is discussed. This imager is based on a modified folded conical scan technology previously reported. In this design an additional optical element is added to give a Cassegrain configuration in image space. This increases the effective focal length and enables improved sampling of the image and provides more space for the receivers. This imager is constructed from low cost materials such as polystyrene, polythene and printed circuit board materials. The trade off between image spatial resolution and thermal sensitivity is discussed.
11 Jun 2006
TL;DR: Digital leakage cancellation realizes noise cancellation at RF frequency, in addition to suppress leakage signal in FMCW monostatic radar to show the effectiveness of the mechanism.
Abstract: Digital leakage cancellation realizes noise cancellation at RF frequency, in addition to suppress leakage signal in FMCW monostatic radar. Noise cancellation mechanism is analyzed with autocorrelation function of noise. The measurement results in Ka band radar test are provided and show the effectiveness.
09 Jul 2006
TL;DR: In this article, two dual band K/Ka polarizers have been designed, taking into account dimensions constraints for easiness of manufacturing and low cost production, and the short polarizer (1.9/spl lambda) presents very good performances, S11 <-30 dB and axial ratio better than -0.5 dB in Rx and Tx frequency bands.
Abstract: Two dual band K/Ka polarizers have been designed, taking into account dimensions constraints for easiness of manufacturing and low cost production. The short polarizer (1.9/spl lambda/) presents very good performances, S11<-30 dB and axial ratio better than -0.5 dB in Rx and Tx frequency bands, for classical K/Ka frequency. The second dual band polarizer which is also very wide band in each Tx and Rx frequency bands; has good performances over the dual and wide bands (AR better than -1.74 dB). The specifications have still reached after the yield analysis on all dimensions. These polarizers have the particularity to be very short versus the current ones on the market, with still good performances and manufacturability easiness, which made them very attractive for consumer two way systems by satellite. A prototype is on-going in being manufactured to verify the performances.
01 Dec 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the design and fabrication of high performance Ka-band inset-fed micromachined patch antenna using post-CMOS compatible process technology is reported. But the main emphasis of this paper is to demonstrate use of RF sputtering as potential metal-dielectric films deposition-process for rapid prototyping of many antenna structures in the absence of access to a well-established MEMS foundry.
Abstract: In this paper, we report the design and fabrication of high performance Ka-band inset- fed micromachined patch antenna using post- CMOS compatible process technology. The main emphasis of this paper is to demonstrate use of RF sputtering as potential metal-dielectric films deposition-process for rapid prototyping of many antenna structures in the absence of access to a well- established MEMS foundry. The fabricated antenna resonated at 35 GHz with 3.14% impedance bandwidth.
05 Jun 2006
TL;DR: In this article, an array of three antennas has been developed at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory capable of detecting signals at X and Ka band, which requires a common frequency reference and high precision phase alignment to correlate received signals.
Abstract: An array of three antennas has recently been developed at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory capable of detecting signals at X and Ka band. The array requires a common frequency reference and high precision phase alignment to correlate received signals. Frequency and timing references are presently provided from a remotely located hydrogen maser and clock through a combination of commercially and custom developed optical links. The selected laser, photo-detector, and fiber components have been tested under anticipated thermal and simulated antenna rotation conditions. The resulting stability limitations due to thermal perturbations or induced stress on the optical fiber have been characterized. Distribution of the X-band local oscillator includes a loop back and precision phase monitor to enable correlation of signals received from each antenna
25 Apr 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a high efficiency power combining demonstration of two 100 W Ka-band space TWTs using a 4-port magic-T hybrid junction-based waveguide circuit are presented.
Abstract: This paper presents the results of a high efficiency power combining demonstration of two 100 W Ka-band space TWTs using a 4-port magic-T hybrid junction-based waveguide circuit. Power combining efficiencies of about 90% over a 1 GHz frequency band centered at 32.05 GHz and a high data transmission rate of 622 Mbps were successfully demonstrated.
Abstract: We have installed a ten channel Ka-band ultrashort pulsed radar reflectometer system in the Large Helical Device. The main objective of this diagnostic is to provide reliable information about the edge electron density profile. The time-of-flight measurement technique is used for the delay time measurement of the reflected pulses from each cut-off layer in the plasma, in order to avoid a mixture of spurious radiation such as electron cyclotron emission and undesired reflection such as another polarization wave mode. As for the signal detection section, a filter bank system is applied; the reflected pulse shape is affected by the bandwidth of band pass filter; thus, the optimum bandwidth must be found experimentally. The reconstructed electron density profile is obtained using an Abel inversion method from the profile of the delay time as a function of the probing frequency. In density modulation experiments, the static island width can be estimated from the temporal change of the density profile.
01 Sep 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, identical patches with holes of different sizes are used to change the resonant frequency and give in turn a change in the phase of the reradiated field and allow directing the main lobe of the radiation pattern off broadside.
Abstract: The key issue in the design of microstrip reflectarray antennas is the technique used to obtain the required phase shift in the field scattered by each element. Many solutions have been proposed in the past. Stub loaded patches, patches of variable size and patches with variable rotation angles are currently the most popular techniques. This paper introduces a different technique. The approach is based on identical patches with holes of different size to change the resonant frequency. This gives in turn a change in the phase of the reradiated field and allows directing the main lobe of the radiation pattern off broadside. The analysis was carried out at 33.5 GHz, first on a single element and then extended to arrays of finite dimensions. Some arrays were built and measurements were carried out on these prototypes. There is good agreement between theoretical results and measurements.
11 Jun 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the suitability of using a Multi-Port Amplifier (MPA) for multimedia multi-beam telecommunication operation with power flexibility requirements is discussed, and the performance of the MPA based architecture and a classical architecture with one power amplifier per beam is compared in terms of power consumption.
Abstract: This paper discuss the suitability of using a Multi-Port Amplifier (MPA) for multimedia multi-beam telecommunication operation with power flexibility requirements. With this aim, a Ka-Band MPA has been characterized in a realistic environment for telecommunication operation. Simulation and measurement results are discussed and the performances of the MPA based architecture and a classical architecture (with one power amplifier per beam) are compared in terms of power consumption. The MPA proves to be an interesting solution since it offers flexibility with lower power consumption and less equipment.
08 Dec 2006
TL;DR: The Micro Rain Radar (MRR) as mentioned in this paper is a highly resolution radar that operates at a frequency of 24 GHz installed at Thumba (8.5°N, 76.9°E) under Ka band propagation experiment.
Abstract: The Micro Rain Radar (MRR) a highly resolution radar operates at a frequency of 24 GHz installed at Thumba
(8.5°N, 76.9°E) under Ka band propagation experiment is used extensively to characterize the tropical rain. This radar
measurements of rain were obtained with fine spatial and temporal resolutions like One minute time resolution and 200
m height resolution. With this radar for the first time classification of precipitating systems are studied. With the
presence or absence of bright band a radar signature of melting layer one can classify particular rain type as convective
or stratiform. For present study MRR data from September 2005 onwards are collected. The main objective is to classify
precipitation system into Stratiform and Convective with the presence or absence of Bright band. Another potential of
this radar is ability to give information of vertical structure of fall velocity of hydrometeors. This also gives profiles of
number concentration of various ranges of Drop sizes, liquid water content and rain rate for different heights. These
results are compared with the collocated ground based Disdrometer. Attenuation at Microwave frequencies during the
presence of rain is a serious concern to the communication. Once temporal and spatial information of DSD is known
microwave attenuation can be studied. These results will be presented in this paper.
01 Nov 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a wide-band power combining unit for the Ka-band is simulated for use as MMIC amplifier applications, where short-slot couplers as well as magic-tees are the basic elements for the combiners.
Abstract: Wide-band power combining units for Ka-band are simulated for use as MMIC amplifier applications. Short-slot couplers as well as magic-tees are the basic elements for the combiners. Wide bandwidth (5 GHz) and low insertion (approx.0.2 dB) and high combining efficiencies (approx.90 percent) are obtained.
01 Nov 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed flight models of the Active Phased Array Antennas (APAA) and verified its performance, including its radiation characteristics, and developed results of a flight model.
Abstract: Wideband Inter Networking engineering test and Demostration Satellite (WINDS) has been developed to realize high-data-rate satellite communication services for future multi-media applications. WINDS has Ka-band transmitting and receiving Active Phased Array Antennas (APAA) that can flexibly establish communiciation with any area by electronic beam scanning. we developed flight models of the APAA and verified its performance, including its radiation characteristics. This paper describes the design of the APAA and the development results of a flight model.
01 Nov 2006
TL;DR: This paper compares two different compact lens antenna approaches for a global Earth observation application at 26 GHz based on an axial-symmetric dome lens geometry and a fully 3D lens design.
Abstract: This paper compares two different compact lens antenna approaches for a global Earth observation application at 26 GHz. Lens specifications were defined by Alcatel Alenia Space within the framework of ACE Network of Excellence activities. The lenses are required to match a secant square type radiation pattern template in the elevation plane. Two alternative specifications are defined for the azimuth radiation pattern template: either omnidirectional or with a mechanically scanned sector beam to enhance gain. Two alternative lens approaches are also evaluated for the above cases: one based on an axial-symmetric dome lens geometry (developed at "Instituto de Telecomunicacoes", Portugal) and another one based on a fully 3D lens design (developed at "IETR", France).
01 Aug 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a set of measurements acquired at DSS 13, a 34m-diameter research and development beam-waveguide antenna located at Goldstone, California, at three different telecommunication frequencies, S-band (2.3 GHz), X-band(8.4 GHz), and Ka-Band (32 GHz), over a wide range of lunar phase, for both disk-centered and limb-centered positions of the antenna beam.
Abstract: The Moon radiates energy at infrared and microwave wavelengths, in addition to reflecting sunlight at optical wavelengths. As a result, an antenna pointed at or near the Moon will cause an increase in receiver noise temperature that needs to be accounted for in telemetry, radio science, or ranging link budgets. The Deep Space Network may be required to use its antennas in future lunar robotic or human missions, and thus it is important to understand the nature of this temperature increase as a function of observing frequency, lunar phase, and angular offset of the antenna beam from the center of the lunar disk. This article quantifies such a set of measurements acquired at DSS 13, a 34-m-diameter research and development beam-waveguide antenna located at Goldstone, California, at three different telecommunication frequencies, S-band (2.3 GHz), X-band (8.4 GHz) and Ka-band (32 GHz), over a wide range of lunar phase, for both disk-centered and limb-centered positions of the antenna beam.
01 Nov 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a 26-38 GHz monolithic doubly balanced mixer is presented, which has a conversion loss of better than 6 dB with good port-to-port isolation and a DC-10 GHz IF bandwidth.
Abstract: A 26-38 GHz monolithic doubly balanced mixer is presented. In this design, a novel configuration was employed to have wide band performance while keeping compact size and simple IF extraction. The MMIC was implemented with WIN 0.15 mum PHEMT process and the chip size is 1 times 2.5 mm2. This mixer has a conversion loss of better than 6 dB with good port-to-port isolation and a DC-10 GHz IF bandwidth
09 Jul 2006
TL;DR: In this article, an 8-element E-plane array of antipodal elliptically-tapered slot antennas designed in the Ka-band was used for beam scanning and beam broadening.
Abstract: In this paper, the design and testing of an 8-element E-plane array of antipodal elliptically-tapered slot antennas designed in Ka-band is described. A low-cost E-plane beam scanning and beam broadening capability is realized using a true time delay piezoelectric transducer (PET)-controlled phase shifter. The beam is steered from -21deg to +24deg and the 3 dB beamwidth is widened by about 10deg, the latter being the requirement for the plasma radar reflectometric imaging application
01 Sep 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the Yale/Omega-P Ka-band magnicon was used to test the stability and repeatability of a high-power accelerator test facility, where steering coils were installed between the gun and the RF system.
Abstract: New results of experimental tests of the Yale/Omega-P Ka-band magnicon are presented. The main goal is to achieve stable and repeatable operation necessary for operation of a high-power accelerator test facility. In order to direct the beam along the tube axis, steering coils were installed between the gun and the RF system, thereby allowing an increase in pulse width and achievement of good stability and repeatability of the output signal. The test facility is briefly described.
TL;DR: In this paper, the design and measured performance of an integrated dielectric-filled cavity-backed dipole antenna is presented, which can be fabricated using single-side processing.
Abstract: The design and measured performance of an integrated dielectric-filled cavity-backed dipole antenna are presented. For structures integrated into high-epsivr substrates, antennas of this type exhibit decreased surface wave loss and increased air-side directive gain relative to planar antennas. A single-lobe beam with high gain was achieved by designing the backing cavity to excite predominantly TE10 aperture fields. The antennas are suitable for direct integration on dielectric package surfaces for system-in-a-package (SiP) implementations, and can be fabricated using single-side processing. Prototype cavity-backed dipole antennas were measured at Ka band and demonstrated 10 dB boresight directivity and 92% peak radiation efficiency. The impact of cavity design parameters and scalability to MMIC applications are evaluated numerically using three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic simulations