Keying

About: Keying is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6598 publications have been published within this topic receiving 82943 citations.

Evaluation on a keystroke authentication system by keying force incorporated with temporal characteristics of keystroke dynamics

Abstract: This paper presents the study to develop and evaluate techniques to authenticate valid users, using the keystroke dynamics of a user's PIN number entry on a numerical keypad, with force sensing resistors. Added with two conventional parameter lists of elements, i.e. digraph latency times and key hold times, keying force was chosen as a third element. Two experiments were conducted. The first experiment was to evaluate whether the three types of elements derived from keystrokes have a significant effect for subjects and to examine how trials and session effects generated the variation of the three elements. The second experiment was to demonstrate the system performance by calculating the False Rejection Rate (FRR) and the False Acceptance Rate (FAR) of the system. In the second experiment, a total of 20 keystrokes were recorded from each subject one week after the memorizing session, in order to evaluate the FRR of the system. To evaluate the FAR of the system, the subjects pretended to be impostors, and ...

Experimental investigation of the performance of different modulation techniques under controlled FSO turbulence channel

Abstract: This paper experimentally investigates and compares the performance of the free space optics system employing three different modulation schemes, on-off keying (OOK) with non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) and the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) operating under the turbulent atmosphere. The received average signal is measured and used to characterize the strength of the turbulence. The experiment is performed with a temperature gradient of 4 degrees at a wind velocity of 4 m/s. The temperature gradient within the controlled channel results in turbulence of a log irradiance variance of 0.002, which is classified as a very weak turbulence. The received signal eye diagram and power histograms are presented and analyzed for performance evaluation of the selected modulation schemes in the weak turbulence model.

A key-chain-based keying scheme for many-to-many secure group communication

Abstract: We propose a novel secure group keying scheme using hash chain for many-to-many secure group communication. This scheme requires a key predistribution center to generate multiple hash chains and allocates exactly one hash value from each chain to a group member. A group member can use its allocated hash values (secrets) to generate group and subgroup keys. Key distribution can be offline or online via the key distribution protocol. Once keys are distributed, this scheme enables a group member to communicate with any possible subgroups without the help of the key distribution center, and without having to leave the overall group, thus avoiding any setup delay. Our scheme is suitable for applications where the population of a system is stable, group size is moderate, subgroup formation is frequent, and the application is delay sensitive. Through analysis, we present effectiveness of our approach.

System for simultaneous game data and arena display control

Abstract: A game data and arena display control apparatus includes a game control keyboard which includes a plurality of keys for generating respective keying signals in accordance with progress of play of a game. A processor is responsive to the keying signals for controlling the starting and stopping of a game clock, and for determining and storing a plurality of game data. The processor is further responsive to the keying signals to generate a first output signal indicative of game data, and a second output signal indicative of user selected data. A monitor is responsive to the processor for displaying information concerning operation of the apparatus during play of the game. A first output port is connected to the processor for outputting the first output signal to an arena scoreboard. Finally, a second output port is connected to the processor for outputting the second output signal to an arena display board. A database of team and player information and statistics is stored in a storage device which can be accessed by the processor during operation of the apparatus. By means of the game data and arena display control apparatus, team results and player statistics can be collected and updated simultaneously with control of a scoreboard and/or display board, by a single operator, during play of a game.