Topic
Knowledge representation and reasoning
About: Knowledge representation and reasoning is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20078 publications have been published within this topic receiving 446310 citations. The topic is also known as: KR & KR².
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01 Sep 1994
TL;DR: The TRAINS project as mentioned in this paper is an effort to build a conversationally proficient planning assistant, which provides a platform for a wide range of issues in natural language understanding, mixed-initiative planning systems, and representing and reasoning about time, actions and events.
Abstract: The TRAINS project is an effort to build a conversationally proficient planning assistant. A key part of the project is the construction of the TRAINS system, which provides the research platform for a wide range of issues in natural language understanding, mixed-initiative planning systems, and representing and reasoning about time, actions and events. Four years have now passed since the beginning of the project. Each year we have produced a demonstration system that focused on a dialog that illustrates particular aspects of our research. The commitment to building complete integrated systems is a significant overhead on the research, but we feel it is essential to guarantee that the results constitute real progress in the field. This paper describes the goals of the project, and our experience with the effort so far. .pp This paper is to appear in the Journal of Experimental and Theoretical AI, 1995.
309 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposes the beginnings of a theory of reasoning with abstraction which captures and generalizes most previous work in the area and provides the foundations for the mechanization of abstraction inside an abstract proof checker.
309 citations
TL;DR: A novel, convenient fusion of natural language processing and fuzzy logic techniques for analyzing the affect content in free text and shows a good correspondence between affect sets and human judgments of affect content.
Abstract: We propose a novel, convenient fusion of natural language processing and fuzzy logic techniques for analyzing the affect content in free text. Our main goals are fast analysis and visualization of affect content for decision making. The main linguistic resource for fuzzy semantic typing is the fuzzy-affect lexicon, from which other important resources, the fuzzy thesaurus and affect category groups, are generated. Free text is tagged with affect categories from the lexicon and the affect categories' centralities and intensities are combined using techniques from fuzzy logic to produce affect sets: fuzzy sets representing the affect quality of a document. We show different aspects of affect analysis using news content and movie reviews. Our experiments show a good correspondence between affect sets and human judgments of affect content. We ascribe this to the representation of ambiguity in our fuzzy affect lexicon and the ability of fuzzy logic to deal successfully with the ambiguity of words in a natural language.
307 citations
01 Oct 1999
TL;DR: It is posed that, while it is impossible to remove all formalisms from computing systems, system designers need to match the level of formal expression entailed with the goals and situation of the users -- a design criteria not commonly mentioned in current interface design.
Abstract: This paper reflects on experiences designing, developing, and working with users of a variety of interactive computer systems. The authors propose, based on these experiences, that the cause of a number of unexpected difficulties in human-computer interaction lies in users‘ unwillingness or inability to make structure, content, or procedures explicit. Besides recounting experiences with system use, this paper discusses why users reject or circumvent formalisms which require such explicit expression, and suggests how system designers can anticipate and compensate for problems users have in making implicit aspects of their tasks explicit. The authors propose computational approaches that address this problem, including incremental and system-assisted formalization mechanisms and methods for recognizing and using undeclared structure; they also propose non-computational solutions that involve designers and users reaching a shared understanding of the task situation and the methods that motivate the formalisms. This paper poses that, while it is impossible to remove all formalisms from computing systems, system designers need to match the level of formal expression entailed with the goals and situation of the users -- a design criteria not commonly mentioned in current interface design.
305 citations
TL;DR: A conceptual model called REMAP (representation and maintenance of process knowledge) that relates process knowledge to the objects that are created during the requirements engineering process has been developed and a prototype environment that provides assistance to the various stakeholders involved in the design and management of large systems has been implemented.
Abstract: Support for various stakeholders involved in software projects (designers, maintenance personnel, project managers and executives, end users) can be provided by capturing the history about design decisions in the early stages of the system's development life cycle in a structured manner. Much of this knowledge, which is called the process knowledge, involving the deliberation on alternative requirements and design decisions, is lost in the course of designing and changing such systems. Using an empirical study of problem-solving behavior of individual and groups of information systems professionals, a conceptual model called REMAP (representation and maintenance of process knowledge) that relates process knowledge to the objects that are created during the requirements engineering process has been developed. A prototype environment that provides assistance to the various stakeholders involved in the design and management of large systems has been implemented. >
305 citations