Topic
Knowledge representation and reasoning
About: Knowledge representation and reasoning is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20078 publications have been published within this topic receiving 446310 citations. The topic is also known as: KR & KR².
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TL;DR: A classification that potentially brings together various perspectives of what a learning object may be is provided, which could be useful as a framework for designers of digital resources and for those engaged in use of these resources in educational contexts.
Abstract: The learning object remains an ill-defined concept, despite numerous and extensive discussion in the literature. This paper attempts to address this problem by providing a classification that potentially brings together various perspectives of what a learning object may be. Six unique types of learning objects are proposed and discussed: presentation, practice, simulation, conceptual models, information and contextual representation objects. The common characteristics of each are synthesized in a proposal that a learning object is best described as a representation designed to afford uses in different educational contexts. The classification of learning objects pro- posed could be useful as a framework for designers of digital resources and for those engaged in use of these resources in educational contexts.
156 citations
TL;DR: This semantic analysis approach can be used in semantic annotation and transcoding systems, which take into consideration the users environment including preferences, devices used, available network bandwidth and content identity.
Abstract: An approach to knowledge-assisted semantic video object detection based on a multimedia ontology infrastructure is presented. Semantic concepts in the context of the examined domain are defined in an ontology, enriched with qualitative attributes (e.g., color homogeneity), low-level features (e.g., color model components distribution), object spatial relations, and multimedia processing methods (e.g., color clustering). Semantic Web technologies are used for knowledge representation in the RDF(S) metadata standard. Rules in F-logic are defined to describe how tools for multimedia analysis should be applied, depending on concept attributes and low-level features, for the detection of video objects corresponding to the semantic concepts defined in the ontology. This supports flexible and managed execution of various application and domain independent multimedia analysis tasks. Furthermore, this semantic analysis approach can be used in semantic annotation and transcoding systems, which take into consideration the users environment including preferences, devices used, available network bandwidth and content identity. The proposed approach was tested for the detection of semantic objects on video data of three different domains.
155 citations
TL;DR: This paper presents an integrated approach to manage the life-cycle of ontologies, used to define personalised e-Learning experiences supporting blended learning activities, without any specific expertise in knowledge engineering.
Abstract: The use of ontologies to model the knowledge of specific domains represents a key aspect for the integration of information coming from different sources, for supporting collaboration within virtual communities, for improving information retrieval, and more generally, it is important for reasoning on available knowledge. In the e-Learning field, ontologies can be used to model educational domains and to build, organize and update specific learning resources (i.e. learning objects, learner profiles, learning paths, etc.). One of the main problems of educational domains modeling is the lacking of expertise in the knowledge engineering field by the e-Learning actors. This paper presents an integrated approach to manage the life-cycle of ontologies, used to define personalised e-Learning experiences supporting blended learning activities, without any specific expertise in knowledge engineering.
155 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the factors that constitute an Expert System Building Tool (ESBT) and evaluate current tools in terms of these factors, based on their structure and their alternative forms of knowledge representation, inference mechanisms and developer/end-user interfaces.
Abstract: This memorandum reviews the factors that constitute an Expert System Building Tool (ESBT) and evaluates current tools in terms of these factors. Evaluation of these tools is based on their structure and their alternative forms of knowledge representation, inference mechanisms and developer/end-user interfaces. Next, functional capabilities, such as diagnosis and design, are related to alternative forms of mechanization. The characteristics and capabilities of existing commercial tools are then reviewed in terms of these criteria.
155 citations
17 Jul 2007
TL;DR: A novel reasoning calculus for Description Logics)--knowledge representation formalisms with applications in areas such as the Semantic Web, which is based on hypertableau and hyperresolution calculi and extended with a blocking condition to ensure termination.
Abstract: We present a novel reasoning calculus for Description Logics (DLs)--knowledge representation formalisms with applications in areas such as the Semantic Web. In order to reduce the nondeterminism due to general inclusion axioms, we base our calculus on hypertableau and hyperresolution calculi, which we extend with a blocking condition to ensure termination. To prevent the calculus from generating large models, we introduce "anywhere" pairwise blocking. Our preliminary implementation shows significant performance improvements on several well-known ontologies. To the best of our knowledge, our reasoner is currently the only one that can classify the original version of the GALEN terminology.
155 citations