scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Lanosterol synthase

About: Lanosterol synthase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 164 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5954 citations. The topic is also known as: lanosterol synthase (2,3-oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase) & lanosterol synthase.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene was expressed in Ganoderma lucidum to enhance antitumor ganoderic acid (GA) production and the effects of VHb expression on the accumulation of GAs and lanosterol (intermediate) and the transcription of GA biosynthesis genes were investigated.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the synthesis of (6E)-8-thia-2,3-oxidosqualene (22) and (14E)-13-thia -2, 3-oxidsqualene-lanosterol cyclase inhibitors.
Abstract: Synthesis of (6E)-8-thia-2,3-oxidosqualene (22) and (14E)-13-thia-2,3-oxidosqualene (34) as inhibitors of 2,3-oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase are reported. Synthesis of 22 required the stereospecific generation of a vinyl sulfide. This was achieved by a new coupling of a benzenethiosulfonate (15) and a lithiated vinyl iodide (18). Synthesis of 34 involved similar coupling of benzenethiosulfonate 29 with lithium reagent obtained from vinyl iodide 33. The required (E)-vinyl iodides 18 and 33 were prepared by zirconium-catalyzed carboalumination of 4-pentyn-1-ol, (16) and 2,6-dimethyl-2(E),6(E)-dien-10-yne (32) respectively. Both 22 and 34 inhibited 2,3-oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase from Candida albicans with IC 50 values of 0.68 and 45 μM, respectively

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated changes in gene expression and activity of cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes and transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate excitotoxicity.
Abstract: The present study was carried out to elucidate changes in the gene expression and activity of cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes and transporters in the rat hippocampus after kainate excitotoxicity. Significantly increased cholesterol level was detected in the degenerating hippocampus, reaching double normal levels at 1 week after kainate injury. RT-PCR analyses of hippocampal homogenates showed significantly decreased mRNA expression of the transcription factor controlling cholesterol biosynthesis SREBP-2, and the rate-controlling enzyme HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA) reductase at all time points after kainate injection; and decreased lanosterol synthase and CYP51 at 1 and 2 weeks post-kainate injection respectively. GC-MS analyses showed a significant increase in cholesterol biosynthetic precursors lanosterol, desmosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol at 1 day after kainate injection presumably reflecting biosysnthesis in injured neurons, and significant decreases in precursors at 1 and 2 weeks post-kainate injection, at time of gliosis in the degenerating hippocampus. Levels of cholesterol autooxidation including 7 ketocholesterol and cholesterol epoxides were elevated in the kainate lesioned hippocampus. Furthermore, loss of expression of the cholesterol transporter, ABCA1 was detected in neurons, but increased expression in astrocytes was detected after kainate lesions. The results suggest that increased cholesterol biosynthesis and loss of ABCA1 expression in injured neurons might result in increase in cholesterol in the degenerating hippocampus. The increased cholesterol might predispose to increased formation of cholesterol oxidation products which have been shown to be toxic to neurons.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results showed that GA production and fungal apoptosis were induced when the mycelium was treated with NaF, caffeine, or cAMP/IBMX, the first report to reveal that cAMP signaling induces apoptosis and secondary metabolite production in fungi.
Abstract: Apoptosis is an essential physiological process that controls many important biological functions. However, apoptosis signaling in relation to secondary metabolite biosynthesis in plants and fungi remains a mystery. The fungus Ganoderma lucidum is a popular herbal medicine worldwide, but the biosynthetic regulation of its active ingredients (ganoderic acids, GAs) is poorly understood. We investigated the role of 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling in fungal apoptosis and GA biosynthesis in G. lucidum. Two phosphodiesterase inhibitors (caffeine and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, IBMX) and an adenylate cyclase activator (sodium fluoride, NaF) were used to increase intracellular cAMP levels. Fungal apoptosis was identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and a condensed nuclear morphology. Our results showed that GA production and fungal apoptosis were induced when the mycelium was treated with NaF, caffeine, or cAMP/IBMX. Downregulation of squalene synthase and lanosterol synthase gene expression by cAMP was detected in the presence of these chemicals, which indicates that these two genes are not critical for GA induction. Transcriptome analysis indicated that mitochondria might play an important role in cAMP-induced apoptosis and GA biosynthesis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to reveal that cAMP signaling induces apoptosis and secondary metabolite production in fungi.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Examination of HPLC lipid profiles from orally dosed rats showed cholesterol biosynthetic intermediates and whether cholesterol levels were reduced, and a new substituted quinuclidine pharmacophore 18a-c was rapidly found for the inhibition of OSC, and the most promising inhibitors were validated by the confirmation of potent OSC inhibition.
Abstract: Novel 3-substituted quinuclidine inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis are reported. Compounds were optimized against oxidosqualene cyclase-lanosterol synthase (OSC) inhibition in vivo, rather than by the conventional optimization of structure-activity relationship information based on in vitro OSC inhibition. Thus, examination of HPLC lipid profiles from orally dosed rats showed cholesterol biosynthetic intermediates and whether cholesterol levels were reduced. A new substituted quinuclidine pharmacophore 18a-c was rapidly found for the inhibition of OSC, and the most promising inhibitors were validated by the confirmation of potent OSC inhibition. Compound 16 gave an IC50 value of 83 +/- 11 nM for human and an IC50 value of 124 +/- 14 nM, for rat, coupled with oral and selective inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis derived from OSC inhibition (rat, ED50 = 1.3 +/- 0.7 mg/kg, n = 5; marmoset, 15 mg/kg dose, n = 3, caused complete inhibition). These 3-substituted quinuclidines, which were derived from a quinuclidine series previously known to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis at the squalene synthase step, may afford a novel series of hypocholesterolemic agents acting by the inhibition of OSC.

29 citations

Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Amino acid
124.9K papers, 4M citations
73% related
Mutant
74.5K papers, 3.4M citations
72% related
Gene
211.7K papers, 10.3M citations
72% related
Peptide sequence
84.1K papers, 4.3M citations
72% related
Gene expression
113.3K papers, 5.5M citations
71% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20216
20206
20194
20188
201711
20165