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Latency (engineering)

About: Latency (engineering) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3729 publications have been published within this topic receiving 39210 citations. The topic is also known as: lag.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A variational optimization problem to improve the reliability of grant-free NOMA is formulated by parameterizing the intractable variational function with a specially designed deep neural network, which incorporates random user activation and symbol spreading.
Abstract: Tactile Internet of Things (IoT) requires ultraresponsive and ultrareliable connections for massive IoT devices. As a promising enabler of tactile IoT, grant-free nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) exploits the joint benefit of grant-free access and nonorthogonal transmissions to achieve low latency massive access. However, it suffers from the reduced reliability caused by random interference. Hence, we formulate a variational optimization problem to improve the reliability of grant-free NOMA. Due to the intractability of this problem, we resort to deep learning by parameterizing the intractable variational function with a specially designed deep neural network, which incorporates random user activation and symbol spreading. The network is trained according to a novel multiloss function where a confidence penalty based on the user activation probability is considered. The spreading signatures are automatically generated while training, which matches the highly automatic applications in tactile IoT. The significant reliability gain of our scheme is validated by simulations.

109 citations

Patent
11 Mar 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, a real-time bandwidth monitor (RTBM) for VoIP applications senses the call path bandwidth between two endpoints (100 and 130) of a VoIP communication and adapts in realtime the packet transmission rate to utilize that bandwidth.
Abstract: A system and method for dynamically adapting the transmission rate of packets in real-time voice over IP communications to the available bandwidth. A real-time bandwidth monitor (RTBM) for VoIP applications senses the call path bandwidth between two endpoints (100 and 130) of a VoIP communication and adapts in real-time the packet transmission rate to utilize that bandwidth. If sufficient bandwidth is available, the RTBM (115) selects a low compression, low latency CODEC (110) to offer best possible voice quality to the user. If the bandwidth is constrained, the RTBM degrades gracefully by switching to a high compression CODEC (140). On further bandwidth reduction, the RTBM increases the media frames per packet. Because the bandwidth reduction may be transitory, the RTBM constantly monitors the end-to-end available bandwidth so as to invoke the CODEC/frame per packet combination that provides the best quality of service (QoS).

108 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This letter investigates the problem of ultra-reliable and low-latency communication in millimeter wave-enabled massive multiple-input multiple-output networks using the Lyapunov technique, whereby a utility-delay control approach is proposed, which adapts to channel variations and queue dynamics.
Abstract: Ultra-reliability and low latency are two key components in 5G networks. In this letter, we investigate the problem of ultra-reliable and low-latency communication in millimeter wave-enabled massive multiple-input multiple-output networks. The problem is cast as a network utility maximization subject to probabilistic latency and reliability constraints. To solve this problem, we resort to the Lyapunov technique, whereby a utility-delay control approach is proposed, which adapts to channel variations and queue dynamics. Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed approach ensures reliable communication with a guaranteed probability of 99.99%, and reduces latency by 28.41% and 77.11% as compared to baselines with and without probabilistic latency constraints, respectively.

107 citations

Patent
12 Apr 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a sub-frame structure for variable high data rates with the flexibility to efficiently carry lower data rate, lower latency frames using sub-framing, where each voice customer is allotted one or more frames or portions of frames within the superframe, called sub-frames, as is needed to deliver the lower latency voice communication.
Abstract: A frame structure that is ordinarily optimized for providing variable high data rates also includes the flexibility to efficiently carry lower data rate, lower latency frames using sub-framing. Superframes, each comprised of a predetermined number of frames, carry voice and data communications at one or more variable data rates. The size of a superframe is limited, such as by the delay tolerance for voice transmission, typically 20 ms. Each voice customer is allotted one or more frames or portions of frames within the superframe, called sub-frames, as is needed to deliver the lower data rate, low latency voice communication. The allocation for the voice customers is not fixed, but varies as the data rate varies over time. Any bits in a frame that are not needed to carry voice communication are assigned to carry data having compatible data rate requirements. Additionally, the sub-framing concept may be extended to include ATM cells.

106 citations

Patent
01 Apr 1997
TL;DR: In this paper, a system is provided for transmitting data over a high latency communication link, where a data packet is transmitted from a first device to a second device over a low-latency communication link.
Abstract: A system is provided for transmitting data over a high latency communication link. The system transmits a data packet from a first device to a second device over a low latency communication link. The second device acknowledges receipt of the data packet to the first device over the low latency communication link. The second device then transmits the data packet over the high latency communication link. The high latency communication link may be a satellite communication link. The low latency communication link may be a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) communication link. The system may also acknowledge receipt of the data packet before completing transmission of the data packet over the high latency communication link. The system is also capable of transmitting data over a high bandwidth communication link or an asymmetrical communication link.

106 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202210
2021692
2020481
2019389
2018366
2017227