Latency (engineering)

About: Latency (engineering) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3729 publications have been published within this topic receiving 39210 citations. The topic is also known as: lag.

Experimental Demonstration of Multidimensional Switching Nodes for All-Optical Data Center Networks

Abstract: This paper reports on a novel ring-based data center architecture composed of multidimensional switching nodes. The nodes are interconnected with multicore fibers and can provide switching in three different physical, hierarchically overlaid dimensions (space, wavelength, and time). The proposed architecture allows for scaling in different dimensions while at the same time providing support for connections with different granularity. The ring topology reduces the number of different physical links required, leading to simplified cabling and easier link management, while optical bypass holds the prospect of low latency and low-power consumption. The performance of the multidimensional switching nodes has been investigated in an experimental demonstration comprising three network nodes connected with multicore fibers. Both high capacity wavelength connections and time-shared subwavelength connections have been established for connecting different nodes by switching in different physical dimensions. Error-free performance ( $\text{BER} ) has been achieved for all the connections with various granularity in all the investigated switching scenarios. The scalability of the system has been studied by increasing the transmission capacity to 1 Tbit/s/core equivalent to 7 Tbit/s total throughput in a single seven-core multicore fiber. The error-free performance ( $\text{BER} ) for all the connections confirms that the proposed architecture can meet the existing demands in data centers and accommodate the future traffic growth.

A low-latency NoC router with lookahead bypass

Abstract: Packet-switched networks on chip are emerging communication fabric to resolve the scalability and bandwidth limitation inherent in shared buses and dedicated links. However current state-of-the-art on-chip network routers suffer from latency overhead. In this work, we propose a new router which makes use of dynamic lookahead bypass to reduce latency. Special lookahead controlling pipeline is applied to speed up allocation computations so that the input buffers' bypassing rate increases. Lookahead pipeline and bypasses not only can reduce network latency but can save the energy due to writing and reading buffers. Analysis and simulation results using different traffic patterns prove that the architecture can significantly improve packet latency by up to 32.1% over a state-of-art router design and costs only a small silicon area overhead.

Realization of transmission-gate conditional-sum (TGCS) adders with low latency time

Abstract: Transmission conditional-sum (TGCS) adders realized in a standard 2.5- mu m CMOS technology are discussed. These adders offer short propagation delay and latency time (12.5 ns for 32-b addition) and consume only moderate chip area (i.e. 80*460 mu m/sup 2/ for 1 b in a 32-b adder). They allow static operation and consume only dynamic power (like standard CMOS). The layout exhibits high regularity and can be easily adjusted to various word lengths. Design and layout techniques are described in detail and experimental data are given. >

Dual Connectivity-Based Mobility Management and Data Split Mechanism in 4G/5G Cellular Networks

Abstract: The emerging 5G mobile network technology is envisioned to provide an efficient platform to interconnect machines, objects, and devices in addition to interconnecting people. Equipped with peak data rates, low latency, and massive capacity, 5G technology will empower new user experiences such as virtual reality and augmented reality and provide new service areas such as connecting massive IoT. Dual connectivity is an important feature where 5G systems are overlaid on the existing 4G core network. In this paper, we propose an MM (mobility management) algorithm to efficiently perform handovers between 4G and 5G RATs (radio access technologies). Our proposed MM algorithm utilizes the strength of DC (dual connectivity) for MM as DC inherently has lesser amount of handover interruption as compared to conventional hard handover. Our MM scheme suggests appropriate data split mechanism between 4G and 5G RATs based on application-specific strategy. We provide a framework based on probabilistic model checking that leverages DC and suggests strategy-based data split mechanism for a mobile user for a variety of market verticals. We model the system as MDP (Markov decision process) where a controller breaks all the nondeterminism in the MDP based on reward calculations. The proposed framework is implemented in a well known model checker and various scenarios are used to assess its applicability.