Latent heat

About: Latent heat is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13503 publications have been published within this topic receiving 302811 citations.

Japanese Ocean Flux Data Sets with Use of Remote Sensing Observations (J-OFURO)

Abstract: We have constructed ocean surface data sets using mainly satellite data and called them Japanese Ocean Flux data sets with Use of Remote sensing Observations (J-OFURO) The data sets include shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and momentum flux etc This article introduces J-OFURO and compares it with other global flux data sets such as European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) and National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and da Silva et al (1994) The usual ECMWF data are used for comparison of zonal wind The comparison is carried out for a meridional profile along the dateline for January and July 1993 Although the overall spatial variation is common for all the products, there is a large difference between them in places J-OFURO shortwave radiation in July shows larger meridional contrast than other data sets On the other hand, J-OFURO underestimates longwave radiation flux at low- and mid-latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere J-OFURO latent heat flux in January overestimates at 10°N–20°N and underestimates at 25°N–40°N Finally, J-OFURO shows a larger oceanic net heat loss at 10°N–20°N and a smaller loss north of 20°N in January The data of da Silva et al in July show small net heat loss around 20°S and large gain around 20°N, while the NCEP reanalysis (NRA) data show the opposite The da Silva et al zonal wind speed overestimates at low-latitudes in January, while ECMWF wind data seem to underestimate the easterlies

The physical nature of thermal anomalies observed before strong earthquakes

Abstract: The paper examines the effect of air ionization on the thermal balance of the boundary layer of atmosphere. In seismically active areas the increased radon emanation from active faults and cracks before earthquakes is the primary source of air ionization. The problem is analyzed both on microscopic and macroscopic levels and in both cases the significant changes of the air relative humidity and air temperature are obtained. This happens due to the water molecules attachment to the newly formed ions (or in other words, condensation) which leads to the excretion of the latent heat. Obtained results permit us to explain the changes of the surface temperature and the surface latent heat flux increase before earthquakes observed by remote sensing satellites, as well as ground based measurements of the air temperature and relative humidity variations before the Colima earthquake (M7.6) of 2003 in Mexico, Hector Mine earthquake (M7.1) of 1999 in USA and Parkfield earthquake (M6) of 2004 in USA. These findings are also supported by the results of active experiments where the installation of artificial ionization of atmosphere is used.