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Lattice energy

About: Lattice energy is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2124 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54199 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a correlation between the particle size and the lattice parameter has been established in nanocerium oxide particles (3-30nm) and the variation in lattice parameters is attributed to lattice strain induced by the introduction of Ce3+ due to the formation of oxygen vacancies.
Abstract: A correlation between the particle size and the lattice parameter has been established in nanocerium oxide particles (3–30nm). The variation in the lattice parameter is attributed to the lattice strain induced by the introduction of Ce3+ due to the formation of oxygen vacancies. Lattice strain was observed to decrease with an increase in the particle size. Ce3+ ions concentration increased from 17% to 44% with the reduction in the particle size.

966 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The Born model was originally proposed for the purpose of evaluating the lattice energy of crystals, which approach this idealized picture, and because of its success and simplicity it has subsequently been applied to the description of a variety of physical properties of ionic crystals, with varying degrees of success.
Abstract: Publisher Summary In an idealized picture, an ionic crystal is regarded as composed of spherical, nonoverlapping ions, bearing net charges of integral amount. The electrostatic interactions of these pointlike charges give rise to a net binding (Madelung energy), as each ion is preferentially surrounded by ions of opposite charge. In typical ionic crystals, the Madelung energy is in fact quite close to the observed cohesive energy. The Born model was originally proposed for the purpose of evaluating the lattice energy of crystals, which approach this idealized picture, and because of its success and simplicity it has subsequently been applied to the description of a variety of physical properties of ionic crystals, with varying degrees of success. In the framework of the Born model, it is convenient to describe the lattice energy of an ionic crystal as composed of energy terms arising from interactions between the ions. In addition to the net binding provided by the electrostatic interactions of point-like ionic charges, the binding arising from a synchronization of the electronic motions in the ions is considered explicitly in some versions of the model. The contribution of this so-called “van der Waals interaction” to the lattice energy is small, of the order of a few per cent. The ratio between the polarization energy that is connected with the mutually induced electronic dipoles on a pair of ions and the Coulomb interaction energy of the net charges of the ions is definitely less than the ionic polarizability per unit volume. The attractive forces in the crystal are balanced by the so-called overlap repulsive forces, which oppose the interpenetration of the ions.

905 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the energy of a body-centered lattice of hydrogen is calculated as a function of the lattice constant, which corresponds to a density many times higher than that of the ordinary, molecular lattice.
Abstract: Any lattice in which the hydrogen atoms would be translationally identical (Bravais lattice) would have metallic properties. In the present paper the energy of a body‐centered lattice of hydrogen is calculated as a function of the lattice constant. This energy is shown to assume its minimum value for a lattice constant which corresponds to a density many times higher than that of the ordinary, molecular lattice of solid hydrogen. This minimum—though negative—is much higher than that of the molecular form. The body‐centered modification of hydrogen cannot be obtained with the present pressures, nor can the other simple metallic lattices. The chances are better, perhaps, for intermediate, layer‐like lattices.

872 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the Boltzmann transport equation is used to model the transport of electrons and electron lattice interactions during ultrafast laser heating of metals from a microscopic point of view.
Abstract: This work studies heat transfer mechanisms during ultrafast laser heating of metals from a microscopic point of view. The heating process is composed of three processes: the deposition of radiation energy on electrons, the transport of energy by electrons, and the heating of the material lattice through electron-lattice interactions. The Boltzmann transport equation is used to model the transport of electrons and electron lattice interactions. The scattering term of the Boltzmann equation is evaluated from quantum mechanical considerations, which shows the different contributions of the elastic and inelastic electron-lattice scattering processes on energy transport. By solving the Boltzmann equation, a hyperbolic two-step radiation heating model is rigorously established. It reveals the hyperbolic nature of energy flux carried by electrons and the nonequilibrium between electrons and the lattice during fast heating processes. Predictions from the current model agree with available experimental data during subpicosecond laser heating. 20 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.

709 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss thermal conductivity and lattice vibrational modes in solids, and show that the lattice component of thermal conduction is also governed by the free electrons, and the processes that provide the principal sources of thermal resistance may vary from one material to another.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses thermal conductivity and lattice vibrational modes. The heat transport by lattice waves in solids is governed by the anharmonicities of the lattice forces (which are also responsible for thermal expansion), by the various imperfections of the crystal lattice, and by the external boundaries. In the case of metallic and semi-metallic solids, the lattice component of thermal conduction is also governed by the free electrons. Not only may many different factors influence the thermal conductivity, but the processes that provide the principal sources of thermal resistance may vary from one material to another. In fact, they may vary in different temperature regions in any one material. Thus, the phenomenon of thermal conduction by lattice waves offers great diversity and provides an interesting field of study, both from a fundamental point of view, in which one desires to attain agreement between observation and the theoretical concepts, and from the more applied viewpoint in which one desires to use thermal conductivity as a tool in the study of lattice imperfections. Thermal conduction by lattice waves also occurs in metallic solids, but here the lattice conductivity is small, as a consequence of the scattering of lattice waves by conduction electrons, so that it is often overshadowed by the electronic thermal conductivity.

659 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202338
202291
202148
202041
201950
201856