Lead acetate

About: Lead acetate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2636 publications have been published within this topic receiving 69739 citations.

Role of selenium against lead toxicity in male rats.

Abstract: Male albino rats were intramuscularly administered a single dose of lead acetate (100 micromol/kg b.wt). Another group of rats were injected with sodium selenite (10 micromol/kg b.wt) before lead intoxication. After 3 and 24 hours, lead treatment resulted in significant increases in acid and alkaline phosphatases, GOT and GPT, total proteins, and cholesterol in serum. The total triglycerides in serum was decreased after 24 hours of intoxication. Lead treatment also produced significant elevation of lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney. The antioxidant capacity of hepatic and renal cells in terms of the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione content was diminished. It appears from these results that lead may exert its toxic effect via peroxidative damage to renal and hepatic cell membranes after 24 hours. Selenium administration prior to lead injection produced pronounced prophylactic action against lead effects, and it is observed that selenium enhances the endogenous antioxidant capacity of the cells by increasing the activities of the superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase and the glutathione content. As a result, the lipid peroxidation was decreased in both liver and kidney.

Protective Effect of Naringenin Against Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

Abstract: Oxidative stress is thought to be involved in lead-induced toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of naringenin on lead-induced oxidative stress in the liver and kidney of rats. In the present investigation, lead acetate (500 mg Pb/L) was administered orally for 8 weeks to induce hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The levels of hepatic and renal markers such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, uric acid, and creatinine were significantly (P < 0.05) increased following lead acetate administration. Lead-induced oxidative stress in liver and kidney tissue was indicated by a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the level of maleic dialdehyde and decreased levels of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Naringenin markedly attenuated lead-induced biochemical alterations in serum, liver, and kidney tissues (P < 0.05). The present study suggests that naringenin shows antioxidant activity and plays a protective role against lead-induced oxidative damage in the liver and kidney of rats.

Evaluation of Small Arms Range Soils for Metal Contamination and Lead Bioavailability

Abstract: Although small arms ranges are known to be contaminated with lead, the full extent of metal contamination has not been described, nor has the oral bioavailability of lead in these soils. In this work, soil samples from ranges with diverse geochemical backgrounds were sieved to <250 microm and analyzed for total metal content. Soils had consistently high levels of lead and copper, ranging from 4549 to 24 484 microg/g and 223 to 2936 microg/g, respectively, while arsenic, antimony, nickel, and zinc concentrations were 100-fold lower. For lead bioavailability measurements, two widely accepted methods were used: an in vivo juvenile swine relative bioavailability method measuring lead absorption from ingested soils relative to equivalent lead acetate concentrations and an in vitro bioaccessibility procedure which measured acid-extractable lead as a percent of total lead in the soil. For eight samples, the mean relative bioavailability and bioaccessibility of lead for the eight soils was about 100% (108 +/- 18% and 95 +/- 6%, respectively) showing good agreement between both methods. Risk assessment and/or remediation of small arms ranges should therefore assume high bioavailability of lead.