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Lead acetate
About: Lead acetate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2636 publications have been published within this topic receiving 69739 citations.
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TL;DR: Urinary levels of ALA and lead were comparable with the usual urinary levels of chronically lead exposed humans at the end of the intoxication period, and in kidney homogenates of poisoned rats succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and lactate dehydrogenases were unmodified, malate dehydrationrogenase and glutamate dehydrogen enzyme were decreased, while Dt diaphorase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogensase were greatly increased compared with controls.
21 citations
TL;DR: Nitric oxide and lipid peroxide levels in whole brain tissue and plasma increased following nickel and lead treatment but significantly returned to near-normal values upon L-ascorbic acid or alpha-tocopherol supplementation, and antioxidant enzymes along with the glutathione level decreased after both treatments but significantly improved upon simultaneous supplementation.
Abstract: We evaluated the effect of L-ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementation on plasma and whole brain nitric oxide level and antioxidant status in nickel sulfate- or lead acetate- treated male albino rats. Nitric oxide and lipid peroxide levels in whole brain tissue and plasma increased following nickel and lead treatment but significantly returned to near-normal values upon L-ascorbic acid or alpha-tocopherol supplementation. In brain tissue, antioxidant enzymes--superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase--along with the glutathione level decreased significantly after both treatments but significantly improved upon simultaneous supplementation with L-ascorbic acid or alpha-tocopherol. Lead-treated animals showed a greater improvement with alpha-tocopherol, whereas nickel-treated rats showed a greater improvement with L-ascorbic acid. In both groups, combined supplementation with L-ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol did not change the percentage improvement in comparison with supplementation with a single vitamin alone.
21 citations
TL;DR: The differences observed in the neurotoxic effects of lead in the different regions for each of the transmitters (NA, DA, 5HT) supports the interesting conclusion that the vulnerability of the axon terminals of any given type is dependent on some regional factors, although the projections of the different areas originate from an apparently similar category of neurons in the brain stem.
Abstract: Wistar rat pups were administered either a high dose of lead acetate (400 μg lead/g body weight/day) or a low dose (100 μg lead/g body weight/day) by gastric intubation, from 2 days through 60 days of age. The rats on both these doses exhibited statistically significant decreases in body and brain weights throughout the lead treatment period. A group of rats on high dose was also rehabilitated by discontinuing the lead from 60 days of age. In these rats, at 160 days of age, the body weight but not the brain weight recovered to normal levels. During the lead intake, the rats on high dose revealed significant elevations in the levels of noradrenaline (NA) in the hippocampus (HI), cerebellum (CE), hypothalamus (HY), brainstem (BS), and accumbens-striatum (SA). The elevated levels in all the above regions except in the HY persisted even after rehabilitation. The dopamine (DA) levels changed significantly in opposite directions in HY (elevation) and BS (reduction) during the lead treatment, and the HY recovered after rehabilitation. Under lead, the serotonin (5HT) levels were elevated significantly in the HI, BS and MC (motor cortex), while after rehabilitation the abnormality persisted only in the MC. Low dose lead treatment was also effective on the same areas of brain. In the low dose group, estimation of the levels of GABA and glutamate were also done, and a significant decrease of GABA in CE and glutamate in MC was observed. The differences observed in the neurotoxic effects (none or significant) of lead in the different regions for each of the transmitters (NA, DA, 5HT) supports the interesting conclusion that the vulnerability of the axon terminals of any given type is dependent on some regional factors, although the projections of the different regions originate from an apparently similar category of neurons in the brain stem.
21 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results show that the extract of Cyperus esculentus has a regenerative effect on the destroyed testicular histology induced by lead acetate.
Abstract: The effect of the extract of Cyperus esculentus on the changes in sperm count, activity, morphology and testicular histology induces by lead acetate was studied.18 adult male rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups. Group 1 (control) were given clean drinking water and rat chow, group 2 were given intraperitoneally injection 8mg/kg body weight + water + rat chow. Group 3 were given intraperitoneally injection 8mg/kg body weight + water with extract of Cyperus esculentu+ rat cho . The results show a destruction in the testicular histology, decreased sperm count, activity and morphology of Group 2 administered with lead acetate only, which was statistically significant (P<0.05), and there was also a dose-dependent improvement in the parameters studied in the Group 3 given extract of Cyperus esculentus. This shows that the extract of Cyperus esculentus has a regenerative effect on the destroyed testicular histology induced by lead acetate.
21 citations
TL;DR: Acute lead administration, at a level which does not induce overt lead intoxication or mortality, clearly induces significant pathology in both hepatic cell types, accent a new dimension of the biological effects of lead, namely its ability to induce significant liver parenchymal and macrophage cell alterations.
21 citations