Lead acetate

About: Lead acetate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2636 publications have been published within this topic receiving 69739 citations.

Punicalagin Mollifies Lead Acetate-Induced Oxidative Imbalance in Male Reproductive System

Abstract: Punicalagin (PU) is a known antioxidant. The present study examined PU to protect against lead-induced oxidative stress (OS) testicular damage in mice. Significant increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) after intraperitoneal injection of lead acetate (LA) indicated enormous generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Lead-induced OS has a direct effect on the differentiation of spermatogonial cells, showing a significant decline in sperm count. Supplementation of PU significantly changes values of LPO and glutathione (GSH) with a concomitant increase in sperm count, a marked decrease in the abnormal sperms, and a decline in the morphologically abnormal sperm population. Moreover, the histopathological evaluation of testes and epididymides showed severe changes in mice treated with LA. PU significantly induced nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2-like 2 (Nrf2) expression and phase II enzymes, and data suggest that PU may inhibit OS through Nrf2 activation. The fertility test proved that PU might play an important role in male infertility treatment, especially in the type of infertility induced by OS.

Ultrastructure of kidney of ducks exposed to methylmercury, lead and cadmium in combination.

Abstract: Ultrastructural alterations in the kidneys of Pekin ducks exposed to various combinations of methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl), lead acetate (PbAC) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) for 12 weeks were studied. Eight groups (Gr), each consisting of 6 female ducks, were fed diets containing no heavy metals (control), 8 mg of methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl)/kg of feed (GrII), 80 mg of lead acetate (PbAC)/kg of feed (GrIII), 80 mg of cadmium chloride (CdCl2)/kg of feed (GrIV), 8 mg of MeHgCl + 80 mg of PbAC/kg of feed (GrV), 8 mg of MeHgCl + 80 mg of CdCl2/kg of feed (GrVI), 80 mg of PbAC + 80 mg of CdCl2/kg of feed (GrVII), and 8 mg of MeHgCl + 80 mg of PbAC + 80 mg of CdCl2/kg of feed (GrVIII). Renal corpuscles of the ducks treated with methylmercury (MdHg), lead (Pb), the cadmium (Cd), either alone or in two way combinations exhibited minor ultrastructural changes. The thickness of the glomerular basement membrane was significantly different from control only in Grs II, IV, V and VI. Crystallization of granules in the juxtaglomerular cells was also observed in Cd and Pb treated birds. Administration of the three metals in combination caused marked changes in podocytes withmore » fusion of secondary processes and no pedicle differentiation. The proximal tubule cells approximately (PT) accumulated lipid droplets, lysosomal bodies and membrane bound vacuoles in methylmercury treated birds. Lead exposed birds had a large number of secondary lysosomes and swollen mitochondria in PT cells. Cadmium administration caused degenerative changes in PT cells which included accumulation of lysosomal bodies containing degenerating organelles, lipid droplets and vacuoles containing myelin figures. Marked degenerative changes in PT cells and interstitial fibrosis was prominent when cadmium was concomitantly administered with the other metals.« less

Change in redox state and heat shock protein expression in an Indian major carp Cirrhinus cirrhosus exposed to zinc and lead.

Abstract: Fish are exposed to different heavy metals that may induce numerous physiological changes. In the present study, we examined the redox state in response to a severe stress resulting from two heavy metals (Zinc and Lead) contamination in carp Cirrhinus cirrhosus. Fish were exposed to 1/10th of LC50 of the respective metals [zinc chloride (2.72 mg/L) and lead acetate (2.53 mg/L)] for 30 days and allowed to recover for another 30 days without any metal exposure. Concentration of metals, different enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant agents and expression levels of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and 90 were measured in the liver and the kidney of fish. The lipid peroxide levels in fish tissues gradually increased with duration of treatment for both metals. After 15 days of treatment, glutathione (GSH) levels had increased, but decreased as the treatment continued for 30 days and returned to basal levels after a 30-day recovery period. Activities of all the anti-oxidant enzymes, except glutathione peroxidase, in stressed fish were significantly increased compared to those in the control at 15 days and continued till the 30th day of treatment, showing a tendency to return to basal levels after the recovery period. Expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 gradually increased after zinc and lead treatment, respectively. The expression of HSP was higher in the liver. The results suggest that different heavy metals may have differential effects on the redox state and induction of oxidative stress in carp, in vivo.