Lead acetate

About: Lead acetate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2636 publications have been published within this topic receiving 69739 citations.

Recent Advances in Heavy Metals Induced Effect on Male Reproductive Function—A Retrospective

Abstract: Reproductive hazards from metal exposure in males are one of the fastest growing areas of concern in toxicology today. Exposure to different heavy metals causes irreversible toxic insult to male reproductive system. Heavy metals produce cellular impairments at structural and functional level in male reproductive system. The effect of heavy metals, such as lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium and arsenic on male reproduction has been studied in details in various experimental species. But data on humans are steadily building up. Metals could interfere with the gametogenic cells or Leydig cell or spermatozoa directly in semen. These effects may results in reduced fertility or associated with pregnancy wastage, congenital malformation associated with genetic diseases. Moreover, the features of heat stress protein (hsp), Androgen-Binding Protein (ABP), Cadherin and many other stressor protein along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuro-endocrine mechanism are highly affected by these heavy metals exposure. Still the data are inadequate and need confirmation. The rapid industrialization and overgrowing urbanization, the toxic effects of heavy metals on male reproduction system have become a major health concern in the globe(1-2). The evidence of the past twenty years have shown disturbing trend in male reproductive health hazards due to careless use of these chemicals which caused detrimental effects on different organs. Therefore, broad-spectrum irreversible toxic actions at cellular and molecular level were observed mainly on reproductive system of human and experimental animals (3-4). Adverse effect of heavy metals on male reproduction: The potential toxicity of Metals, i.e., lead, cadmium, chromium, selenium and arsenic, caused alteration in sperm morphology, count, motility as well as biochemical disruptions of enzymes and hormones. Lead: Lead is widely used in acid battery plant refinery, smelter, fuel combustion industry, printing press and automobile exhaust where tetraethyl lead acts as anti- knocking agent. Toxicity is manifested in male reproductive system by deposition of lead in testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminalvesicle and seminal ejaculate. Lead has an adverse effect on sperm count and retarded the activity of alive sperm. Moreover, motility as well as prolonged latency of sperm melting both in exposed person and experimental animals were observed after lead exposure (5-6).Study with male CF-1 mice indicated the significant decrease in epididymal sperm count at low dose of lead exposure (0.25% via drinking water). Moreover the decreased motility and increased incidence of teratospermia at higher dose of lead exposure (0.50%) along with inhibition of post-meiotic cells mainly pachytene spermatocyte were noted. In the same experiment the detachment of gemminal cell layer from basal membrane, atrophy of Leydig cells plus interstitial edema and low density of seminal plasma were also observed. Experimental studies were conducted to note the potential comparative effects of lead acetate considering different routes of

Lead uptake and corn growth with soil-applied lead. [Zea mays L]

Abstract: Corn (Zea mays L.) was grown in the field where lead acetate had been soil-applied at 8 rates ranging from 0 to 3200 kg/ha of lead. Emergence, plant height, and grain yield were not affected by added lead. Neither were any morphological, color, maturity, or other growth differences visually observed during the 2-year study. Added lead increased the lead content of stover. Lead content (ppm) of the stover for the 0 and 3200 kg/ha treatments were: 2.4 and 37.8 for young whole plants, 3.6 and 27.6 for leaves at tasselling, and 4.2 and 20.4 for whole plants at grain harvest. Lead content of grain averaged 0.4 ppm lead and was not affected by added lead. 26 references.

Absorption of different lead compounds.

Abstract: A rapid method for the determination of relative absorption of dietary lead by rats is described. The influence of age, weight and dose rate has been determined and using standard conditions the tissue lead content of blood, kidney and femur are significantly correlated with each other and are a function of ingested lead. Eight lead compounds were evaluated using this technique and the findings related to lead acetate as a reference compound. Of the inorganic preparations studied, lead carbonate (basic) and metallic lead showed a twelve-fold difference in absorption, with the remaining compounds giving intermediate values. The absorption of lead from four organic compounds was determined from diets containing 7·5% corn oil added to the standard diet. Lead tallate was absorbed to the same degree as lead acetate, but lesser absorptions resulted from lead octoate, naphthenate and alsynate. The addition of corn oil to a final concentration of 7·5% of the diet enhanced the absorption of lead acetate.