Lead zirconate titanate

About: Lead zirconate titanate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7141 publications have been published within this topic receiving 150878 citations.

Approach for enhanced polarization of polycrystalline bismuth titanate films by Nd3+/V5+ cosubstitution

Abstract: Thin films of Nd3+-substituted bismuth titanate, (Bi4.00−y,Ndy)Ti3.00O12 (BNT), Nd3+/V5+-cosubstituted bismuth titanate, (Bi4.00−y,Ndy)(Ti3.00−xVx)O12 (BNTV), and La3+-substituted bismuth titanate, (Bi3.25,La0.75)Ti3.00O12 (BLT) were fabricated on the (111)Pt/Ti/SiO2/(100)Si substrates by a chemical solution deposition technique. These films possessed random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The BNT film had larger remnant polarization (Pr) than the BLT film; Pr and coercive field (Ec) of the BNT film with y=0.50 were 32 μC/cm2 and 126 kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V5+ substitution improved the Pr value of the BNT film up to 37 μC/cm2 (BNTV film; y=0.50, x=0.02), while the BNTV film had an Ec value of approximately 119 kV/cm which was similar to that of the BNT film. Ferroelectric properties of the Pb-free polycrystalline BNT and BNTV films are comparable with those of conventional Pb-based ferroelectric films like a lead zirconate titanate.

Logarithmic frequency dependence of the piezoelectric effect due to pinning of ferroelectric-ferroelastic domain walls

Abstract: Pinning of the ferroelastic-ferroelectric domain walls on randomly distributed defects in ferroelectric ceramics leads to a field dependence of the piezoelectric coefficient that is analogous to the Rayleigh law for magnetic susceptibility It is shown in this paper that the piezoelectric coefficient of a lead zirconate titanate ferroelastic-ferroelectric system depends linearly on the logarithm of the frequency of the field Both the reversible and irreversible components of the piezoelectric coefficient are found to be frequency dependent A similar type of frequency dependence due to domain-wall pinning has been predicted for the magnetic susceptibility in disordered ferromagnets and dilute antiferromagnets The presented results offer experimental evidence that the theoretical approach developed for domain-wall pinning effects in magnetic materials is generally valid for pinning processes in all ferroic systems, ferromagnetics, ferroelectrics, and ferroelastics

PZT-Based Piezoelectric MEMS Technology

Abstract: This review article presents recent advancements in the design and fabrication of thin-film (<3 μm) lead zirconate titanate (PZT) microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices. The article covers techniques for optimizing highly (001)/(100) oriented chemical solution deposited PZT films to achieve improved piezoelectric coefficients. These PZT films combined with surface and bulk micromachining techniques are fabricated into actuators and transducers for radio frequency (RF) switches, nanomechanical logic, resonators, and power transformers for use in communication systems and phased-array radar. In addition, the large relative displacements generated by PZT thin films have been used to demonstrate mechanical mobility in MEMS devices, including insect-inspired flight actuators and ultrasonic traveling wave motors. In conjunction with actuation, PZT films are being developed for feedback sensors for the integrated control of insect-inspired robots.

Practical issues related to the application of the electromechanical impedance technique in the structural health monitoring of civil structures: I. Experiment

Abstract: The advent of smart materials such as the piezo-impedance transducer (lead zirconate titanate, PZT) and optical fiber (FBG) has ushered in a new era in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM) based on non-destructive evaluation (NDE). So far, successful research and investigations conducted on the electromechanical impedance (EMI) technique employing a piezo-impedance transducer are often laboratory based and mainly theoretical. Real-life application of the technique, especially under harsh environments, has frequently been questioned. In this research project, investigative studies were conducted to evaluate the problems involved in real-life applications of the EMI technique, attempting to reduce the gap between theory and application. This two-part paper presents a series of experimentation (part I) and numerical verification (part II) on various issues related to real-life application, including the durability of PZT transducers, and the effects of bonding and temperature under conceivable nominal construction site conditions. The repeatability of electrical admittance signatures acquired from the PZT patches surface bonded on aluminum structures was found to be excellent up to a period of one and a half years. Experimental investigations revealed that the bonding thickness should preferably be thinner than one-third of the patch to avoid any adverse effect caused by the PZT patch's resonance on the admittance signatures which reflect the host structural behavior. On the other hand, the effect of temperature on the admittance signatures was found to be closely related to the thickness of bonding, as an increase in temperature would reduce the stiffness of the bonding layer, thus affecting strain transfer. It was concluded that PZT patches with thick bonding thickness and high frequency of excitation are undesirable, especially at elevated temperatures.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Lead Zirconate Titanate from Mixed Oxides

Abstract: High-density lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics have been successfully prepared by using a novel mechanochemical fabrication technique, which skips the phase-forming calcination at an intermediate temperature that is always required in the industrial processes currently in use. The fabrication technique starts with mixing of the low-cost industrial oxide powders, and the designed PZT perovskite phase is formed by reacting the oxide constituents in a mechanochemical chamber that consists of a cylindrical alumina vial and one stainless-steel ball inside it. The solid-state reaction among constituent oxides is activated via mechanical energy instead of high temperature. When mechanochemically activated for 20 h, an ultrafine PZT powder of perovskite structure with a minimized degree of particle agglomeration is obtained. The resulting PZT powder sinters to 99.0% of theoretical density at 1100°C for 1 h. The sintered PZT ceramic exhibits a dielectric constant of 1340 and a dielectric loss of 0.6% at a frequency of 1 kHz at room temperature.