Lead zirconate titanate

About: Lead zirconate titanate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7141 publications have been published within this topic receiving 150878 citations.

A molecular perovskite solid solution with piezoelectricity stronger than lead zirconate titanate.

Abstract: Piezoelectric materials produce electricity when strained, making them ideal for different types of sensing applications. The most effective piezoelectric materials are ceramic solid solutions in which the piezoelectric effect is optimized at what are termed morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs). Ceramics are not ideal for a variety of applications owing to some of their mechanical properties. We synthesized piezoelectric materials from a molecular perovskite (TMFM)x(TMCM)1–xCdCl3 solid solution (TMFM, trimethylfluoromethyl ammonium; TMCM, trimethylchloromethyl ammonium, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1), in which the MPB exists between monoclinic and hexagonal phases. We found a composition for which the piezoelectric coefficient d33 is ~1540 picocoulombs per newton, comparable to high-performance piezoelectric ceramics. The material has potential applications for wearable piezoelectric devices.

Fatigue and retention in ferroelectric Y‐Ba‐Cu‐O/Pb‐Zr‐Ti‐O/Y‐Ba‐Cu‐O heterostructures

Abstract: Fatigue and retention characteristics of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate thin films grown with Y‐Ba‐Cu‐O(YBCO) thin‐film top and bottom electrodes are found to be far superior to those obtained with conventional Pt top electrodes. The heterostructures reported here have been grown in situ by pulsed laser deposition on yttria‐stabilized ZrO2 buffer [100] Si and on [001] LaAlO3. Both the a‐ and c‐axis orientations of the YBCO lattice have been used as electrodes. They were prepared using suitable changes in growth conditions.

The extrinsic nature of nonlinear behavior observed in lead zirconate titanate ferroelectric ceramic

Abstract: The nonlinear electric and electromechanical responses of lead zirconate titanate Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 ceramics to an external ac electric field have been measured under different driving levels. The onset of measurable nonlinearity is observed to be accompanied by the appearance of hysteresis loops. This lossy nature suggests that the nonlinearities in a ferroelectric ceramic are generated by the domain‐wall motion. In addition, aging experiments and the bias field dependence of the threshold field (onset of nonlinearity) all indicate the extrinsic nature of the nonlinear behavior of ferroelectric ceramics. A phenomenological theory of Arlt, Dederichs, and Herbiet [Ferroelectrics 74, 34 (1987)] has been extended to include the nonlinear contributions. With only 90° wall vibration being considered, the theory leads to some basic understanding of the experimental results.

Piezoelectric Composite Materials for Ultrasonic Transducer Applications. Part I: Resonant Modes of Vibration of PZT Rod-Polymer Composites

Abstract: Abstmcr-The objective of the present work was to gain a deeper mensions of the transducer are much smaller than the understanding of the behavior of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) polymer composites for applications such as ultrasonic medical diagnosis in the megahertz frequency range. These composites were originally developed for low-frequency hydrophone applications. The PZT rod-polymer composites have been prepared with five to 30 volume percent PZT using 0.28 mm and 0.45 mm rods. In a disc of PZT rod-polymer composite material, there are three principal types of resonance: the planar mode, the thickness mode, and various lateral modes caused by the regular periodicity of the PZT rod in the composite. These resonance modes have been studied with the following techniques: 1) electrical impedance measurement as a function of frequency and 2) laser probe dilatometry of the dynamic displacement as a function of frequency and position in the composite lattice. The observed resonance behavior is found to be a result of lateral interactions in the composite through the epoxy medium. The effect of temperature on the electromechanical properties of the composite has also been investigated. Implications of these results for optimizing the design of ultrasonic transducers are discussed.

Large remanent polarization of (Bi, Nd)4Ti3O12 epitaxial thin films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

Abstract: (104)-oriented Bi4Ti3O12, La-substituted Bi4Ti3O12[(Bi3.44La0.56)Ti3O12] and Nd-substituted Bi4Ti3O12[(Bi3.54Nd0.46)Ti3O12] films were epitaxially grown on (111)SrRuO3//(111)SrTiO3 substrates at 700 °C by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. All deposited films showed strong (104) orientations. The values of the remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the (104)-oriented epitaxial (Bi3.54Nd0.46)Ti3O12 thin film were 25 μC/cm2 and 135 kV/cm, respectively. This Pr value was larger than that of the (104)-oriented (Bi3.44La0.56)Ti3O12 film: Pr and Ec values of the (Bi3.44La0.56)Ti3O12 were 17 μC/cm2 and 145 kV/cm, respectively. These good ferroelectric properties of (Bi3.54Nd0.46)Ti3O12 films can be explained by a large tilting of TiO6 octahedra induced by the substitution of Nd3+, the ionic radius of which is smaller than that of La3+. Moreover, this Pr value is almost equal to that of commercially used lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films for nonvolatile ferroelectric random access memory (Fe...