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Lead zirconate titanate
About: Lead zirconate titanate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7141 publications have been published within this topic receiving 150878 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, reaction mechanisms in the formation of PZT solid solution were studied under hydrothermal conditions (Pb/(Zr+Ti) = 1.0 to 1.9, Zr/Ti = 0/10 to 10/0, 1M to 5M KOH, 100° to 220°C, 2 h).
Abstract: Reaction mechanisms in the formation of PZT solid solution were studied under hydrothermal conditions (Pb/(Zr+Ti) = 1.0 to 1.9, Zr/Ti = 0/10 to 10/0, 1M to 5M KOH, 100° to 220°C, 2 h). A yellow tabular crystallite with tetragonal symmetry and Pb/Ti ∼ 2 was formed at 100° to 130°C. A PZT crystallite was formed just above 150°C. The crystallite was a mixture of Ti-rich PZT and Zr-rich PZT phases. When the temperature and KOH concentration were increased, the composition of the PZT product tended to be homogeneous. The PZT in the morphotropic phase boundary zone was formed at Zr/Ti = 5/5, 5M KOH, 220°C, 2 h. Neither PbTiO3 nor PbZrO3 was detected as a separate phase under the above hydrothermal conditions.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a piezoelectrically actuated high-fill-factor tip-tilt-piston (TTP) micromirror with small tilt and lateral shift during scanning is presented.
Abstract: This paper presents the design, fabrication and characterization of a piezoelectrically actuated high-fill-factor tip-tilt-piston (TTP) micromirror with small tilt and lateral shift during scanning. The piezoelectric material is a sol–gel lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin film with a Zr/Ti ratio of 53/47. The small initial tilt and lateral-shift-free (LSF) of the mirror plate is achieved by a folded, three-segment piezoelectric unimorph actuator design. The piezoelectric unimorph actuation beams consist of Pt/Ti/PZT/Pt/Ti/SiO 2 multilayers, which are released via undercutting the substrate silicon. The fabricated piezoelectric micromirror can be actuated about two rotational axes in the mirror plane and for translational vertical scan (piston actuation). The resonant frequencies of the piston and rotation modes are 316 Hz and 582 Hz, respectively. At their respective resonant frequencies, the maximum piston magnitude at resonant driving is 32 μm, and the two-dimensional rotating scan ranges are about 5°, both measured at a 2V pp sinusoidal driving voltage.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an overview of energy harvesting using ferroelectric materials, with a particular focus on the energy harvesting capabilities of porous Ferroelectric ceramics for both piezo and pyroelectric harvesting.
Abstract: This paper provides an overview of energy harvesting using ferroelectric materials, with a particular focus on the energy harvesting capabilities of porous ferroelectric ceramics for both piezo- and pyroelectric harvesting. The benefits of introducing porosity into ferro- electrics such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT) has been known for over 30 years, but the potential advantages for energy harvesting from both ambient vibrations and temperature fluctuations have not been studied in depth. The article briefly discusses piezoelectric and pyro- electric energy harvesting, before evaluating the potential benefits of porous materials for increasing energy harvesting figures of merits and electromechanical/electrothermal coupling factors. Established processing routes are evaluated in terms of the final porous structure and the resulting effects on the electrical, thermal and mechanical properties.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an initial field emission from the metal of the grid deposited over the emitting surface with the consequent plasma formation and the switching of ferroelectric domains is described.
Abstract: Un-prepoled lead zirconate titanate lanthanum doped-PLZT ferroelectric cathodes have emitted intense current pulses under the action of a high voltage pulse of typically 8 kV/cm for PLZT of 8/65/35 composition and 25 kV/cm for PLZT of 4/95/5 composition. In the experiments described in this paper, the exciting electric field applied to the sample is directed from the rear surface towards the emitting surface. The resulting emission is due to an initial field emission from the metal of the grid deposited over the emitting surface with the consequent plasma formation and the switching of ferroelectric domains. These electrons may be emitted directly form the crystal or from the plasma. This emission requires the material in ferroelectric phase. In fact, PLZT cathodes of the 8/65/35 type, that is with high titanium content, showing ferroelectric-paraelectric phase sequence, emit at room temperature, while PLZT cathodes of the 4/95/5 type, with low titanium content, having antiferro-ferro-paraelectric phase s...
70 citations
TL;DR: This is the first demonstration of using PVDF-PZT nanocomposite film as a piezoseparator for SCPC, and is an important step for the practical applications of SCPC for harvesting and storing mechanical energy.
Abstract: A novel PVDF-PZT nanocomposite film has been proposed and used as a piezoseparator in self-charging power cells (SCPCs). The structure, composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT), provides a high piezoelectric output, because PZT in this nanocomposite film can improve the piezopotential compared to the pure PVDF film. The SCPC based on this nanocomposite film can be efficiently charged up by the mechanical deformation in the absence of an external power source. The charge capacity of the PVDF-PZT nanocomposite film based SCPC in 240 s is ∼0.010 μA h, higher than that of a pure PVDF film based SCPC (∼0.004 μA h). This is the first demonstration of using PVDF-PZT nanocomposite film as a piezoseparator for SCPC, and is an important step for the practical applications of SCPC for harvesting and storing mechanical energy.
70 citations