Leasehold estate

About: Leasehold estate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1589 publications have been published within this topic receiving 21480 citations. The topic is also known as: leasehold & tenancy.

Social housing exits: incidence, motivations and consequences

Abstract: Explores the factors influencing tenant choices to remain in or depart from public housing. Executive summary Aims Falling tenancy turnover rates over the last decade have resulted in declining vacancies available to applicants in high need. To address this, State Housing Authorities (SHAs) are seeking ways to promote the exit of existing tenants no longer deemed as in high need of housing assistance. Yet little evidence is available about the motivations for tenants to stay in, or exit, the social housing sector, and the outcomes of such exits. The aim of this study, therefore, was to identify the factors which prompt or deter tenant-initiated moves out of social housing and the factors influencing the sustainability of such moves. The study For simplicity, the empirical investigation focused on public housing under direct State Housing Authority (SHA) management, as a proxy for all social housing in Australia. A mix of qualitative and quantitative methods were employed, including: Administrative records on tenant exits in 2012–13 was collected from all but one (Northern Territory) Australian SHAs, allowing comparison of national trends and inter-jurisdictional variation. Using tenancy records provided by SHAs in NSW and Victoria, a cohort analysis of tenancies commencing in 2007 has been conducted, examining for each subsequent year the proportion of tenancies still intact and, of those, the proportion where the rent had been significantly raised in response to increased tenant/household income. Data from the HILDA dataset was analysed to provide a longitudinal perspective on the circumstances of households in the years before and after an exit. A survey of 573 current public housing tenants in four selected areas in Victoria and NSW—including a metropolitan and a regional area in each—allowed analysis of their intentions to stay or exit social housing. In-depth interviews were held with a total of 95 participants representing three distinct subgroups—current tenants in their first public housing tenancy (36), tenants having re-entered public housing for a second (or subsequent) time (21), and former tenants who have exited public housing up to one year prior to the interview (38).

Multi-tenant oriented database engine and its data access method

Abstract: A database engine facing multiple tenancies and data accessing method thereof are provided. The method of the invention includes: receiving a data access request of tenancy; determining the tenancy entity corresponding to the tenancy, wherein multiple tenancy entities share one logic table in the database; processing the data access request of the tenancy according to the configuration information of the tenancy entity. The invention introduces the concept of tenancy entity to the database: a plurality of tenancy entities shares one logic table such that the development and management costs are reduced; meanwhile, every tenancy entity has independent database access account number such that the security problem of the database access is solved; when the tenancy request comes, the data access request of the tenancy is processed according to the authority of the account number of the tenancy. Due to the introduced concept of the tenancy entity in the invention, the data of the tenancy is physically separated from each other and thus it is possible to improve performance, excellent isolation and expandability; and it is possible to realize the service quality management for the tenancy at the same time.

Experiments in farmers' collectives in Eastern India and Nepal: Process, benefits, and challenges

Abstract: Do farmers' collectives, which pool land, labour, capital, and skills to create medium-sized production units, offer a more viable model of farming for resource-constrained smallholders than individual family farms? A participatory action research project in Eastern India and Nepal provides notable answers. Groups of marginal and tenant farmers, catalysed by the project, evolved into four different collective models with varying levels of cooperation, gender composition, and land ownership/tenancy status. Based on 3 years of action research, this paper examines how the models evolved and their differential outcomes. All groups have gained from cultivating contiguous plots in their efficiency of labour and machine use for land preparation and irrigation, and from economies in input purchase. Several collectives of tenant farmers have also enhanced their bargaining power vis-a-vis an entrenched landlord class and thus been able to negotiate lower rents and refuse long-standing feudal obligations. However, the models differ in their extent of economic gain and their ability to handle gender inequalities and conflicts over labour sharing. The paper explores the historical, regional, and cultural factors that could explain such differences across the models. It thus offers unique insights into the processes, benefits, and challenges of farmers' collectives and provides pointers for replication and further research.