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Legislation

About: Legislation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 62664 publications have been published within this topic receiving 585188 citations. The topic is also known as: law & act.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Examination of court-related responses in criminal, child protection, and family court custody proceedings highlights legislative changes and resulting systemic change, and proposes that efforts at law reform can be enhanced by a more thoughtful analysis of potential intended and unintended consequences.
Abstract: Greater training and specialization in working with children exposed to domestic violence has resulted in new policies, interagency protocols, and legislation in many states This paper examines court-related responses in criminal, child protection, and family court custody proceedings, which highlight legislative changes and resulting systemic change Although this legislation originated with the best of intentions to assist and protect children, some of the most striking outcomes have been negative and unintended Laws that mandate reporting of children exposed to domestic violence can clash with inadequate training and resources, or inadvertently revictimize abused women Similarly, child custody legislation that raises a rebuttable presumption that a violent spouse will not receive custody or joint custody of children after parental separation has resulted in greater skepticism about abuse allegations We propose that efforts at law reform can be enhanced by a more thoughtful analysis of potential intended and unintended consequences, and should be accompanied by a comprehensive evaluation plan to monitor implementation effects

92 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: The law, in an indirect and cumbersome fashion, may, to some degree, reflect and shape public opinion as discussed by the authors, in which the attitudes and values of the general population, as well as the influential views of pressure groups, practitioners, policy-makers and government committees within the educational world.
Abstract: The law, in an indirect and cumbersome fashion, may, to some degree, reflect and shape public opinion. Certainly Dicey takes as his starting point, in considering law and public opinion in England during the nineteenth century,1 the ‘close dependence of legislation, and even of the absence of legislation, upon the varying currents of public opinion’, though, as Mannheim points out,2 it is not clear ‘whose opinion Dicey had in mind’, describing him as having a ‘a paternalistic’ concept of public opinion as ‘little more than the views of a sharply limited clan of intellectuals whose writings directly influenced the minds of the nation’s legislation’. In contrast, ‘public opinion’ in this chapter refers primarily to the attitudes and values of the general population, as well as, where relevant, the influential views of pressure groups, practitioners, policy-makers and government committees within the educational world.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The immigration industrial complex is the confluence of public and private sector interests in the criminalization of undocumented migration, immigration law enforcement, and the promotion of 'anti-illegal' rhetoric as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: This article provides a genealogy of the idea of an immigration industrial complex. The immigration industrial complex is the confluence of public and private sector interests in the criminalization of undocumented migration, immigration law enforcement, and the promotion of ‘anti-illegal’ rhetoric. This concept is based on ideas developed with regard to the prison and military industrial complexes. These three complexes share three major features: (a) a rhetoric of fear; (b) the convergence of powerful interests; and (c) a discourse of other-ization. This article explores why Congress has not passed viable legislation to deal with undocumented migration, and instead has passed laws destined to fail, and has appropriated billions of dollars to the Department of Homeland Security to implement these laws. This has been exacerbated in the context of the War on Terror, now that national security has been conflated with immigration law enforcement. This is the first in a two-part series on the immigration industrial complex.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight the pros and cons of existing legislation and its implementation and assess the need for the improvement of plastic legislation to better consider environmental and human health impacts.
Abstract: Aquatic or land-based plastic pollution has raised serious concerns for ecosystems, and especially human and animal health worldwide. A variety of legislative instruments were developed to control, reduce, and manage the usage of plastics in day-to-day life to minimize the adverse outcomes brought by sending these plastic to landfill. Existing legislation heavily embraces levies, bans, and voluntary efforts through “reduce and reuse campaigns.” Thus, the present review highlights the pros and cons of the existing legislation and its implementation. It also assesses the need for the improvement of plastic legislation to better consider environmental and human health impacts. The paper proposes new efficient management strategies to aid in the development of plastic legislation which prevents increase of plastic pollution worldwide, the potential challenges that would arise from its implementation, and the mechanisms for overcoming these challenges. The paper proposes a conventional management strategy based on the current plastic management and legislation. It aims to improve the feasibility and effectiveness of the implementation of future plastic policies.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The legislation that released the unclaimed bodies of those dying in public institutions to medical schools for dissection, thereby effectively ending grave robbery is described and the rise of body transplantation, the Uniform Anatomical Gifts Act of 1968, and the subsequent state of willed-body programs at the turn of the 21st century are examined.
Abstract: America's medical schools have long used human cadavers to teach anatomy, but acquiring adequate numbers of bodies for dissection has always been a challenge. Physicians and medical students of the 18th and 19th centuries often resorted to robbing graves, and this history has been extensively examined. Less studied, however, is the history of body acquisition in the 20th century, and this article evaluates the factors that coalesced to transition American society from body theft to body donation. First, it describes the legislation that released the unclaimed bodies of those dying in public institutions to medical schools for dissection, thereby effectively ending grave robbery. Then it discusses midcentury journalistic exposes of excesses in the funeral industry-works that were instrumental in bringing alternatives, including the previously unpopular option of body donation, to public consciousness. Finally, it examines the rise of body transplantation, the Uniform Anatomical Gifts Act of 1968, and the subsequent state of willed-body programs at the turn of the 21st century. Body-donation programs have gradually stabilized since and currently provide most of the bodies used for dissection in American medical schools. Relying as they do on public trust, however, these programs remain potentially precarious and threatened by public scandals. Whether American medical schools will receive enough bodies to properly educate students in the future remains to be seen.

92 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202410
20235,313
202212,046
20211,728
20202,190
20192,226