Legislation

About: Legislation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 62664 publications have been published within this topic receiving 585188 citations. The topic is also known as: law & act.

Replicated Evidence of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Disability Identification in U.S. Schools

Abstract: Federal legislation and policy increasingly seek to address minority overrepresentation in special education due to concerns that U.S. schools are misidentifying children as disabled based on their...

Mental health parity legislation: much ado about nothing?

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether state-level parity legislation has led to an increase in utilization of mental health services. DATA SOURCES: Healthcare For Communities (HCC), a multi-site nationally representative study sponsored by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation that tracks health care system changes for mental health and substance abuse treatment. Information on state-level parity legislation was provided by state offices of the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI); local and state market data come from the Area Resource File; information on other health mandates from Blue Cross/Blue Shield. STUDY DESIGN: Two-stage regressions are used to estimate the effect of state parity legislation on use of any mental health services, use of specialty mental health services, and number of specialty visits in the past year. In the first stage, we predicted the probability that a state decides to pass parity legislation as a function of state health care market indicators and previous legislative activity. The fitted probability is used in the second stage to determine the effect of this legislation on access and utilization. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: State parity legislation is not associated with a significant increase in any of our measures of mental health services utilization. These results are robust to various specifications of the models. CONCLUSIONS: Those states that are able to pass parity legislation do not experience significant increases in the utilization of mental health services. This may be due in part to a loss of coverage for those people most at risk for mental health disorders. The results could be very different, however, if strong federal legislation were passed.

The New German Packaging Laws: Effects on Firms Exporting to Germany

Abstract: Environmental issues have become progressively more important during the 1980s and 1990s. With greater concern about the environment, pressure, both formal and informal, has mounted on business. One of the most developed formal constraints has emerged in Germany, with the introduction of packaging laws to reduce packaging and encourage reuse and recycling. Such legislation affects both German companies and companies exporting into Germany. It can be argued that exporters are disadvantaged by such legislation, having to adapt their activities to each country. This presupposes knowledge of the legislation and a willingness and ability to change and embrace the new constraints. Reports on the new German packaging laws and on a survey of firms exporting to Germany, which examines their awareness of and compliance with these laws.

Benefit corporation legislation and the emergence of a social hybrid category

Abstract: Previous research highlights tensions that social hybrids face by spanning categories This article explores the emergence of legislation to support a new category for social hybrids, focusing on Benefit Corporation legislation in the United States It presents quantitative analysis of state-level factors that make a state suitable for a social hybrid category (attractiveness for for-profit business and nonprofits, existing social hybrid organizations, legislative intensity, and political leanings) followed by qualitative analysis of the arguments marshaled for the creation of the Benefit Corporation legal form These findings raise important insights for research on social hybrids and suggest a range of practical implications

The Complex Agenda-Setting Power of Protest: Demonstrations, Media, Parliament, Government, and Legislation in Belgium, 1993-2000

Abstract: We conducted pooled time-series analyses to assess how number and size of demonstrations affect the political agenda in Belgium (1993-2000). Taking twenty-five issues into account, this study finds that protest matters for the political agenda setting. This study also advances scholarly understanding of the agenda-setting power of protest by showing that the causal mechanisms of protest impact are complex and contingent. The parliamentary, governmental, and legislative attention for issues is significantly and differently affected by preceding protest activities. The media act as an intermediary variable: media coverage emerges in response to protest and, in turn, affects the political agenda afterwards. Protests on some issues have more effect than on others: in Belgium, new social movements protests are especially effective in causing parliament and government to focus attention on the issue.