Topic
Lepidoptera genitalia
About: Lepidoptera genitalia is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10114 publications have been published within this topic receiving 78876 citations. The topic is also known as: Uncus.
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TL;DR: In this article, two larval lcpidopterans, Aganais speciosa (Drury) (Hypsidae) and Danaus chrysippus (L.) (Nymphalidae), sabotage the latex defence systems of their host plants.
Abstract: Latex production is a feature of several major plant families, including the Asclepiadaceae, Euphorbiaceae. Moraceae and some Compositae. The release of latex from sites of tissue damage poses a combination of physical and chemical problems for the herbivores that feed on these plants. This report describes how two larval lcpidopterans, Aganais speciosa (Drury) (Hypsidae) and Danaus chrysippus (L.) (Nymphalidae) sabotage the latex defence systems of their host plants. In the eastern Cape Province of South Africa A.speciosa larvae feed on leaves of the wild figs Ficus burtt-davyi Hutchinson and F a i r Forsskal (Moraceac). Latex vessels permeate the leaves and fruits of Ficus species, occurring mainly in association with the vascular tissues (Van Greuning el al . , 1984). D.chrysippia is one of the best known butterflies in Africa, where it occurs from the Cape to the Mediterranean. Its distribution also extends to Japan and Australia. Various genera within the Asclepiadaceae have been recorded as providing food for the larvae, including Gomphocarpus, Ceropegia, Stapelia and Huernia (Dickson & Kroon, 1978). The observations recorded here involved larvae feeding on another asclepiad, Cynachrrirn sp., growing in a suburban garden in Grahamstown.
27 citations
01 May 1991
TL;DR: The conditions of wing reduction (brachyptery) and loss of wings (aptery), and modifications thereof, are reviewed across all known families of Lepidoptera where this has been observed in either males or females, or both sexes.
Abstract: The conditions of wing reduction (brachyptery) and loss of wings (aptery), and modifications thereof, are reviewed across all known families of Lepidoptera where this has been observed in either males or females, or both sexes. Brachyptery or aptery is known in 35 families of Lepidoptera, including families or species where a kind of brachyptery is only evident as extreme wing reduction of the hind wings. Examples from most families known to have brachyptery of some form are illustrated among 147 figures.
27 citations
27 citations
TL;DR: The sex ratio was biased towards males in some resistant populations and towards females in susceptible populations, and the resistant population had a lower mean pupal mass, shorter longevity of moths and reduced fecundity.
Abstract: The maize stem borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is of economic importance throughout sub-Saharan Africa. The seasonal activity pattern of this pest is characterized by two to three distinct generations during spring and summer followed by a diapause period of approximately six months during autumn and winter. Genetically modified Bt maize (MON810) that expresses an insecticidal Cry1Ab protein has been deployed in South Africa since 1998 to manage stem borers. The first report of field resistance of B. fusca to Bt maize was made during the 2006 cropping season. Resistant strains of this pest are expected have reduced fitness compared to susceptible individuals. Information regarding fitness of resistant individuals that survive on Bt maize could contribute to the understanding of resistance evolution as well as to development of improved resistance management strategies. Life history parameters of different B. fusca populations were compared in a laboratory study using diapause (spring) as well as second-generation (summer) populations. Sex ratio, pupal mass, fecundity and longevity of moths of field-collected Bt-resistant and susceptible B. fusca populations were compared. Slight adverse effects of Bt maize on fitness of the resistant summer-population were observed. The sex ratio was biased towards males in some resistant populations and towards females in susceptible populations. The resistant population had a lower mean pupal mass, shorter longevity of moths and reduced fecundity.
27 citations
TL;DR: The larval biology and host associations of five aphytophagous butterfly species from southeast Asia are described and the first instances of predation on greenideid aphids and leafhoppers by Miletinae are reported.
Abstract: Transitions from feeding on plants to “aphytophagy” (feeding on anything else) have occurred repeatedly within the Lepidoptera, but these transitions have rarely spurred diversification: more than 99% of Lepidoptera species are phytophagous. One of the few radiations has occurred in the wholly aphytophagous subfamily Miletinae (Lycaenidae), but analysis of evolutionary patterns is hampered by a lack of information on the biology of these species. We describe the larval biology and host associations of five aphytophagous butterfly species from southeast Asia and report the first instances of predation on greenideid aphids (Hemiptera: Greenideidae) and leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) by Miletinae. We also report two instances in which larvae of a single lepidopteran species fed on different prey species at the same site. These novel findings are discussed in light of previous descriptions of larval biology and probable behavioural adaptations for host location by ovipositing female butterflies.
27 citations