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Light scattering
About: Light scattering is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 37721 publications have been published within this topic receiving 861581 citations.
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TL;DR: A method that records spatially dependent intensity patterns of polarized light that is diffusely backscattered from highly scattering media is reported on, and it is demonstrated that these intensity patterns can be used to differentiate turbid media, such as polystyrene-sphere and biological-cell suspensions.
Abstract: We report on the development of a method that records spatially dependent intensity patterns of polarized light that is diffusely backscattered from highly scattering media. It is demonstrated that these intensity patterns can be used to differentiate turbid media, such as polystyrene-sphere and biological-cell suspensions. Our technique employs polarized light from a He-Ne laser (λ = 543 nm), which is focused onto the surface of the scattering medium. A surface area of approximately 4x4 cm centered on the light input point is imaged through polarization-analysis optics onto a CCD camera. One can observe a large variety of intensity patterns by varying the polarization state of the incident laser light and changing the analyzer configuration to detect different polarization components of the backscattered light. Introducing the Mueller-matrix concept for diffusely backscattered light, a framework is provided to select a subset of measurements that comprehensively describe the optical properties of backscattering media.
209 citations
TL;DR: This work has shown that hierarchical nanostructures possessing an architecture that may provide sufficient internal surface area for dye adsorption and meanwhile may generate highly effective light scattering, make them able to create photoelectrode films with optical absorption significantly more efficient than the dispersed nanoparticles used in conventional dye-sensitized solar cells.
Abstract: Light scattering is a method that has been employed in dye-sensitized solar cells for optical absorption enhancement. In conventional dye-sensitized solar cells, large TiO2 particles with sizes comparable to the wavelength of visible light are used as scatterers by either being mixed into the nanocrystalline film to generate light scattering or forming a scattering layer on the top of the nanocrystalline film to reflect the incident light, with the aim to extend the traveling distance of incident light within the photoelectrode film. Recently, hierarchical nanostructures, for example nanocrystallite aggregates (among others), have been applied to dye-sensitized solar cells. When used to form a photoelectrode film, these hierarchical nanostructures have demonstrated a dual function: providing large specific surface area; and generating light scattering. Some other merits, such as the capability to enhance electron transport, have been also observed on the hierarchically structured photoelectrode films. Hierarchical nanostructures possessing an architecture that may provide sufficient internal surface area for dye adsorption and meanwhile may generate highly effective light scattering, make them able to create photoelectrode films with optical absorption significantly more efficient than the dispersed nanoparticles used in conventional dye-sensitized solar cells. This allows reduction of the thickness of the photoelectrode film and thus lowering of the charge recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells, making it possible to increase further the efficiency of existing dye-sensitized solar cells.
208 citations
Book•
18 Aug 1986
TL;DR: One-Magnon Light Scattering from Ferromagnets and Ferrimagnets as discussed by the authors is a classic example of light-scattering from pure antiferromagnetic detectors.
Abstract: Basic Theory. Experimental Methods. One-Magnon Light Scattering From Ferromagnets and Ferrimagnets. One-Magnon Light Scattering From Pure Antiferromagnets. Two-Magnon Light Scattering From Pure Antiferromagnets. Light Scattering From Impure Magnets. Light Scattering at Magnetic Surfaces. Concluding Remarks. References. Subject Index. Chemical Formula Index.
208 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the absolute phase of the surface second-harmonic light field with respect to the pump field, i.e. the phase of surface nonlinear susceptibility.
206 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of model networks consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG), tetra-PEG gels, have been prepared and their structure and dynamics have been investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and static light scattering(SLS) and their structures and dynamics were investigated by SANS and SLS.
Abstract: A series of model networks consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG), tetra-PEG gels, have been prepared and their structure and dynamics have been investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and static light scattering (SLS) The Tetra-PEG gels were prepared by cross-end coupling of two types of tetra-arm PEG macromers with molecular weights, Mw, of (5 to 40) × 103 g/mol In the SANS regime, the structure factors of both as-prepared and swollen gels can be represented by Ornstein−Zernike-type scattering functions and superimposed to single master curves with the reduced variables, ξq and I(q)/ϕ0ξ2, irrespective of the molecular weight of tetra-PEG, where q, ξ, I(q), and ϕ0 are the magnitude of the scattering vector, the correlation length, the scattering intensity, and the polymer volume fraction at preparation, respectively In the SLS regime, however, a power-law-type upturn was observed, indicating the presence of PEG chain clusters Interestingly, these inhomogeneities disappear by swelling
206 citations