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Light scattering
About: Light scattering is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 37721 publications have been published within this topic receiving 861581 citations.
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01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, a scalar theory of surface scattering phenomena has been formulated by utilizing the same Fourier techniques that have proven so successful in the area of image formation, and an analytical expression has been obtained for a surface transfer function which relates the surface micro-roughness to the scattered distribution of radiation from that surface.
Abstract: A scalar theory of surface scattering phenomena has been formulated by utilizing the same Fourier techniques that have proven so successful in the area of image formation. An analytical expression has been obtained for a surface transfer function which relates the surface micro-roughness to the scattered distribution of radiation from that surface. The existence of such a transfer function implies a shift-invariant scattering function which does not change shape with the angle of the incident beam. This is a rather significant development which has profound implications regarding the quantity of data required to completely characterize the scattering properties of a surface. This theory also provides a straight-forward solution to the inverse scattering problem (i.e., determining surface characteristics from scattered light measurements) and results in a simple method of predicting the wave length dependence of the scattered light distribution. Both theoretical and experimental results will be presented along with a discussion of the capabilities and limitations of this treatment of surface scatter phenomena.© (1977) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
182 citations
TL;DR: The coupling induced by retardation effects when two plasmon-resonant nanoparticles are interacting leads to an additional resonance, the strength of which depends on a subtle balance between particle separation and size.
Abstract: We study the coupling induced by retardation effects when two plasmon-resonant nanoparticles are interacting. This coupling leads to an additional resonance, the strength of which depends on a subtle balance between particle separation and size. The scattering cross section and the near field associated with this coupled resonance are studied for cylindrical particles in air and in water. Implications for surface-enhanced Raman scattering and nano-optics are discussed.
182 citations
TL;DR: Mie scattering calculation to support theory that interstellar extinction is caused by graphite particles was performed by as discussed by the authors, which supports the theory that the extinction of the galaxy was caused by a graphite particle.
Abstract: Mie scattering calculation to support theory that interstellar extinction is caused by graphite particles
182 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the operation of a light modulation device that employs electric field controlled light scattering in an inhomogeneous medium is described, where the orientation of a nematic liquid crystal, contained in micrometer sized inclusions in a nonabsorbing solid, is changed to produce a varying refractive index.
Abstract: The operation of a new light modulation device that employs electric field controlled light scattering in an inhomogeneous medium is described. The orientation of a nematic liquid crystal, contained in micrometer sized inclusions in a nonabsorbing solid, is changed to produce a varying refractive index. When the refractive index of the liquid crystal matches that of the solid, the composite medium is nonscattering and transparent. If the refractive indices do not match, the medium is scattering and opaque. High contrast ratios have been measured for transmitted light with a response time of a ∼1 ms. The application of this technique to passive display devices is discussed.
182 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present laboratory measurements of scattering properties of 15 different types of coastal and inland water phytoplankton species and two types of estuarine sediments.
Abstract: We present laboratory measurements of scattering properties of 15 different types of coastal and inland water phytoplankton species and two types of estuarine sediments. These properties are the scattering function as well as the angular distribution of a ratio of scattering matrix elements, which in practice equals the degree of linear polarization of the scattered light if the incident light is unpolarized. Laser light with a wavelength of 633 nm was used, and a scattering angle range from 20 degrees to 60 degrees was covered. The results can be used in the context of water-quality studies and to test results of theoretical models. The measured scattering functions are all strongly peaked in forward directions, but not equally so. For the covered angles, they vary significantly as a function of scattering angle. The measured angular distributions of the degree of linear polarization are mostly bell shaped, showing a maximum near 90 degrees, whose magnitude is clearly different for the phytoplankton compared to the silt particles. We find that the morphology and structural features of the particles studied play an important and complex role in their light-scattering behavior. In particular, internal cell structures such as gas vacuoles alter the scattering patterns of the phytoplankton species considerably. The external shape of the cells appears to have a much smaller influence. The experimental results are compared with results of Mie calculations and with the "standard scattering function" of San Diego Harbor water. In most cases, Mie calculations cannot provide an adequate approximation of the measured scattering behavior, which indicates that more sophisticated models are required. Only 3 of the 17 measured scattering functions resemble the San Diego Harbor standard scattering function. One of these pertains to small silt particles, showing that this function is representative for water dominated by these particles. [KEYWORDS: Refractive-index; optical-properties; mueller matrix; cells; particles; chlorella; growth; water; attenuation; backscatter]
182 citations