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Light scattering
About: Light scattering is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 37721 publications have been published within this topic receiving 861581 citations.
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TL;DR: A method is suggested for calculating light gradients in scattering and absorbing media based on the Kubelka-Munk theory and involves computational modeling of light fluxes in a multilayered object, when every layer satisfies the prerequisites of the Kubleka- Munk theory.
Abstract: In this paper we suggest a method for calculating light gradients in scattering and absorbing media. The method is based on the Kubelka-Munk theory and involves computational modeling of light fluxes in a multilayered object, when every layer satisfies the prerequisites of the Kubelka-Munk theory. The model also includes specular reflection that may contribute strongly to internal photon fluence rates for diffuse light. To illustrate the possible effects of light gradients, a cotyledon of Cucurbita pepo is described in terms of this model. It is argued that a number of results in in vivo spectroscopy cannot be correctly interpreted unless light gradients or optics in general are included in the discussion, i.e., the light flux at the site of the pigment has to be known. To outline the difficulties involved some methods of measuring light gradients or internal photon fluence rates are critically considered.
135 citations
TL;DR: In this article, light scattering measurements as a function of temperature from 10 to 900 K in the tetragonal and cubic phases of a PbTiO3 crystal were investigated and the soft phonon and relaxation mode were both needed to describe the dynamics of this material.
Abstract: Light scattering measurements are investigated as a function of temperature from 10 to 900 K in the tetragonal and cubic phases of a PbTiO3 crystal. Phonon frequencies, ionic effective charges, spontaneous polarization and contribution to the dielectric permittivity are deduced from these data. The results show that the soft phonon and relaxation mode are both needed to describe the dynamics of this material.
135 citations
TL;DR: Experimental results show that, as laser wavelengths become shorter, polarization effects become important and the depolarization ratio of the combustion species must be accounted for in the calculation of the Rayleigh scattering cross section.
Abstract: Rayleigh scattering cross sections are measured for nine combustion species (Ar, N2, O2, CO2, CO, H2, H2O, CH4, and C3H8) at wavelengths of 266, 355, and 532 nm and at temperatures ranging from 295 to 1525 K. Experimental results show that, as laser wavelengths become shorter, polarization effects become important and the depolarization ratio of the combustion species must be accounted for in the calculation of the Rayleigh scattering cross section. Temperature effects on the scattering cross section are also measured. Only a small temperature dependence is measured for cross sections at 355 nm, resulting in a 2-8% increase in cross section at temperatures of 1500 K. This temperature dependence increases slightly for measurements at 266 nm, resulting in a 5-11% increase in cross sections at temperatures of 1450 K.
135 citations
TL;DR: The propagation of light through the suspension is modeled and a set of Monte Carlo simulations is performed to substantiate the inference that the relative variation of the backscattered flux is proportional to the gradients of deformation of the RBC's, and that such gradients must be known in order to apply a rheological model describing the non-Newtonian behavior of RBC membranes.
Abstract: The backscattered and transmitted diagrams of He–Ne laser light illuminating a concentrated suspension of red blood cells (RBC's) are investigated. The shapes of these diagrams are closely related to the state of the suspension (at rest or submitted to a simple shear flow) and to the parameters that govern the non-Newtonian behavior of the blood suspension (such as the viscosity of the suspending medium and the volume concentration of the cells). An asymmetry in the backscattering diagram, which is absent on transmitted diagrams, is observed when the suspension is in a simple shear flow. This asymmetry is related to the deformation and orientation of the RBC's. The propagation of light through the suspension is modeled and a set of Monte Carlo simulations is performed to substantiate the inference that the relative variation of the backscattered flux is proportional to the gradients of deformation of the RBC's, and that such gradients must be known in order to apply a rheological model describing the non-Newtonian behavior of RBC membranes.
135 citations
TL;DR: The optimal choice of coupling and periodicity in such systems results in miniband structures with medium width Eb and wide energy gap Eg and is found to provide a novel method to substantially reduce the optical phonon scattering of electrons in semiconductors as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Electronic structures in various coupled quantum box array systems including quantum-wire superlattices and planar superlattices are examined The optimal choice of coupling and periodicity in such systems results in miniband structures with medium width Eb and wide energy gap Eg and is found to provide a novel method to substantially reduce the optical phonon scattering of electrons in semiconductors Feasibility and significances of this approach are discussed
135 citations