Topic
Liquid crystal
About: Liquid crystal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 100576 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1449858 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a highly ordered columnar phase of disk-like organic molecules can exhibit high mobilities for photoinduced charge carriers, of the order of 0.1 cm2 V-1 s-1, higher than for any organic material other than single-crystal phases.
Abstract: THE search for organic materials suitable for electronic applica-tions dates back to the early 1950s. But the only organic systems known so far to show electronic charge-carrier mobilities comparable to the amorphous inorganic semiconductors that are the main-stay of the microelectronics industry are zone-refined organic single crystals1–4. Single crystals are difficult and costly to process, however, and are not suitable for device applications. Here we show that a highly ordered columnar (stacked) phase of disk-like organic molecules can exhibit high mobilities for photoinduced charge carriers, of the order of 0.1 cm2 V-1 s-1—higher than for any organic material other than single-crystal phases. Specifically, we study the helical columnar phase of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahexylthiotriphenylene, which can be prepared simply by cooling the isotropic liquid melt via the discotic liquid-crystal phase, in which the molecules are already stacked with a high degree of order.
1,122 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new electrooptical effect in twisted nematic liquid crystals is described which allows variation of the rotation of linearly polarized light continuously from 0° to 90°.
Abstract: A new electro‐optical effect in twisted nematic liquid crystals is described which allows variation of the rotation of linearly polarized light continuously from 0° to 90°. It requires lower voltages than other electro‐optic effects.
1,090 citations
1,066 citations
TL;DR: This Review will focus on the major classes of columnar mesogens rather than presenting a library of columner liquid crystals, and emphasis will be given to efficient synthetic procedures, and relevant mesomorphic and physical properties.
Abstract: Most associate liquid crystals with their everyday use in laptop computers, mobile phones, digital cameras, and other electronic devices. However, in contrast to their rodlike (calamitic) counterparts, first described in 1907 by Vorlander, disklike (discotic, columnar) liquid crystals, which were discovered in 1977 by Chandrasekhar et al., offer further applications as a result of their orientation in the columnar mesophase, making them ideal candidates for molecular wires in various optical and electronic devices such as photocopiers, laser printers, photovoltaic cells, light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors, and holographic data storage. Beginning with an overview of the various mesophases and characterization methods, this Review will focus on the major classes of columnar mesogens rather than presenting a library of columnar liquid crystals. Emphasis will be given to efficient synthetic procedures, and relevant mesomorphic and physical properties. Finally, some applications and perspectives in materials science and molecular electronics will be discussed.
1,056 citations