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Liquid metal

About: Liquid metal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6947 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77785 citations. The topic is also known as: liquid alloy & liquid metal alloy.


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TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental study has been carried out to measure the pressure drop in a 271-pin fuel assembly of a liquid metal reactor, and the measured pressure drop data in a wire-wrapped fuel assembly region is compared with the existing four correlations.
Abstract: An experimental study has been carried out to measure the pressure drop in a 271-pin fuel assembly of a liquid metal reactor. The rod pitch to rod diameter ratio~ P/D! of the fuel assembly is 1.2 and the wire lead length to rod diameter ratio~H/D! is 24.84. Measurements are made for five different sections in a fuel assembly; inlet orifice, fuel assembly inlet, wire-wrapped fuel assembly, fuel assembly outlet and fuel assembly upper region. A series of water experiments have been conducted changing flow rate and water temperature. It is shown that the pressure drops in the inlet orifice and in the wire-wrapped fuel assembly are much larger than those in other regions. The measured pressure drop data in a wire-wrapped fuel assembly region is compared with the existing four correlations. It is shown that the correlation proposed by Cheng and Todreas fits best with the present experimental data among the four correlations considered@DOI: 10.1115/1.1565076# The liquid metal reactor core consists of several fuel assemblies contained in a hexagonal shaped duct. There is no flow exchange between ducts. In order to efficiently extract the heat generated in a fuel assembly, it is important to distribute the flow rate among the fuel assemblies and to maintain the temperature distribution properly. The distribution of coolant flow rate in each fuel assembly is determined by the heat generation in each fuel assembly after the required whole coolant flow rate is determined to meet the reactor power. The reactor core is divided into a certain number of groups that have the same coolant flow rate, and then the temperature distribution of the fuel assembly is calculated and the coolant flow rate in each group is adjusted to have the same degree of peak temperature in the fuel rod. Then, the orifice in the bottom region of the fuel assembly is designed following the pressure drop of the fuel assembly. Thus, the information of pressure drop in a fuel assembly is very important in the thermal hydraulic design of the reactor core. The individual fuel assembly consists of inlet orifice, fuel assembly inlet, wire-wrapped fuel assembly, fuel assembly outlet and fuel assembly upper region. The primary objective of the present study is to measure the pressure drops in these regions for the design of Korea Advanced Liquid Metal Reactor ~KALIMER!. A series of experiments are conducted to measure the pressure drops in these regions. The relative magnitude of pressure drops in these regions is investigated from the measured data. As will be shown later, the pressure drops in the inlet orifice and in the wire-wrapped fuel assembly is much larger than the pressure drops in other regions. The design of the inlet orifice for KALIMER is not determined yet and the inlet orifice used in the present measurement is only a tentative design. Thus, the primary emphasis of the present study is placed on the analysis of pressure drop in the wire-wrapped fuel assembly. In order to maintain a proper spacing between fuel pins and promote the coolant mixing, several types of spacers are proposed. Among the various spacers the helical-type wire-spacers are widely used in the liquid metal reactor ~LMR! and are adopted in the design of KALIMER. However, the existence of spacers between fuel pins causes the increase of hydraulic resistance,

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an optical method was devised to measure the radius of curvature of this mirror surface, from which the contact angle can be determined, and an analytical formula, valid for a spherical non-paraxial mirror, for calculation of image size was deduced.
Abstract: A technique has been developed for measurement of the contact angle of liquid metals with solid materials. The liquid metal, when contained in a small cup (inner diameter <4 mm) forms a concave or convex mirror surface. For the present technique, an optical method was devised to measure the radius of curvature of this mirror surface, from which the contact angle can be determined. The surface of the liquid metal approaches sphericity as the diameter of its container is decreased. The optical system formed in this method is non-paraxial. An analytical formula, valid for a spherical non-paraxial mirror, for calculation of image size was deduced. The technique has been demonstrated using the mercury - graphite (15.9% total porosity) system at room temperature and the contact angle was determined to be .

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a liquid bridge of molten tin was held between two stainless-steel rods to study thermocapillary convection in liquid metal, and the experiment was conducted in a vacuum chamber in order to prevent oxidation.

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a potential method of keeping the oxygen concentration in a favorable range is transferring oxygen from an oxygen-containing gas, which is investigated on the basis of the experience from operating a gas/liquid transfer device in the CORRIDA loop.

37 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023233
2022413
2021259
2020340
2019399
2018369