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Liquid metal

About: Liquid metal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6947 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77785 citations. The topic is also known as: liquid alloy & liquid metal alloy.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a short review of the motivations for liquid metals as reactor coolant or spallation target material and to historic aspects is devoted to the neutron and physical properties of liquid metals, with special emphasis on sodium, lead and lead-bismuth eutectic.
Abstract: Nuclear applications of liquid metals concern waste transmuters and liquid metal cooled fast reactors of Generation IV. One section of this paper is devoted to a short review of the motivations for liquid metals as reactor coolant or spallation target material and to historic aspects. The next two sections are dedicated to the neutron and physical properties of liquid metals, with special emphasis on sodium, lead and lead–bismuth eutectic, their respective advantages and drawbacks as reactor coolants. The question of the structure of liquid metals in relation with the liquid metal coolant technology is briefly addressed. The last section concerns the compatibility of structural materials with sodium, lead and lead–bismuth eutectic, with attention being paid to the impurities control in the different cases. We conclude briefly.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared neutronic properties in the equilibrium state of fast nuclear power plants with several coolant and fuel materials in which natural uranium is fed and all of the actinides are confined.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An experimental arrangement based on the steady-state concentric cylinder method has been developed for the measurement of the thermal conductivity of liquid metal and semiconductor alloys over a wide temperature range (up to 1700 K) under ambient pressures of argon gas ( up to 1 MPa).
Abstract: An experimental arrangement based on the steady-state concentric cylinder method has been developed for the measurement of the thermal conductivity of liquid metal and semiconductor alloys over a wide temperature range (up to 1700 K) under ambient pressures of argon gas (up to 1 MPa). Particular attention has been paid to minimization of heat leakage and convection heat flows. The various experimental errors are analysed. Thermal conductivity data for molten Pb, Sn and the semiconducting alloy TlAsTe2 are reported.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an advanced numerical model for continuous casting of steel is presented, coupled with an existing multiphase, heat transfer and solidification model to argon injection for tracking bubble trajectories in the SEN, metal bulk and across the slag bed after passing through the metal surface.
Abstract: Recent developments of an advanced numerical model for Continuous Casting of steel unveiled at the previous 2010 CSSCR Conference in Sapporo, Japan are presented. These include coupling of the existing multiphase, heat transfer and solidification model to argon injection for tracking bubble trajectories in the SEN, metal bulk and across the slag bed after passing through the metal surface. Hence, description of a method for adding gas injection in combination with a multiphase model for tracking metal/slag interfaces (Discrete Phase Model + Volume Of Fluid, DPM+VOF) is given. Validation is supported by tests on a revamped Continuous Casting Simulator (CCS-1) based on a low melting point alloy, which can realistically replicate the flow conditions in the caster. Metal-slag-argon flow predictions were compared to observations in the physical model showing good agreement on features such as discharging jets, rolls, standing waves and argon distribution measured through a variety of techniques such as ultrasound, electromagnetic probes and video sequences. Ultimately, the model makes possible the prediction of stable or unstable flows within the mould as a function of different argon flow-rates and bubble sizes. Application to industrial practice is an ongoing task and preliminary results are illustrated. The robustness of the model combined with direct observations in CCS-1 make possible the description of phenomena difficult to observe in the caster (e.g. argon injection and metal flow), but critical for the stability of the process and the quality of cast products.

25 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Such heavy coolants as lead and a eutectic alloy of lead with bismuth while having favorable thermophysical and technological properties are comparatively corrosive for structure materials and can be contaminated by solid impurities during the operation of the system as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Such heavy coolants as lead and a eutectic alloy of lead with bismuth while having favorable thermophysical and technological properties are comparatively corrosive for structure materials and can be contaminated by solid impurities during the operation of the system.

25 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023233
2022413
2021259
2020340
2019399
2018369