Liquid metal

About: Liquid metal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6947 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77785 citations. The topic is also known as: liquid alloy & liquid metal alloy.

Electromagnetic three dimensional liquid metal manipulation.

Abstract: In this paper, we report three-dimensional (3-D) liquid metal manipulation using electromagnets, which can be applied to electrical switching applications. The liquid metal droplet was coated with iron (Fe) particles by chemical reaction with hydrochloric acid (HCl), and thus it became responsive to the magnetic field, becoming a magnetic liquid metal marble. Using electromagnets, the magnetic field was turned on and off on-demand. We investigated an average velocity and the maximum working distance of the horizontal and vertical electromagnetic field-driven manipulation of the magnetic liquid metal marble. Linear (1-D) and plane (2-D) manipulation of the marble was successfully demonstrated and 3-D manipulation was verified for electrical switching.

Basic tundish covering compound

Abstract: A flux composition for use in covering liquid metal includes a non-liquid composition that reacts at the temperature of the liquid metal to form a viscous liquid flux layer in contact with the liquid metal while maintaining a non-liquid layer above the liquid layer.

Method and system to directly produce electrical power within the lithium blanket region of a magnetically confined, deuterium-tritium (DT) fueled, thermonuclear fusion reactor

Abstract: A method for integrating liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation with fusion blanket technology to produce electrical power from a thermonuclear fusion reactor located within a confining magnetic field and within a toroidal structure. A hot liquid metal flows from a liquid metal blanket region into a pump duct of an electromagnetic pump which moves the liquid metal to a mixer where a gas of predetermined pressure is mixed with the pressurized liquid metal to form a Froth mixture. Electrical power is generated by flowing the Froth mixture between electrodes in a generator duct. When the Froth mixture exits the generator the gas is separated from the liquid metal and both are recycled.

Electronic effects in dynamical structure of liquid metals

Abstract: The partial dynamical structure factors of a pure liquid metal are derived from the two-component theory developed in an earlier paper by March and Tosi. In particular, and in contrast to the usual procedure which assumes the hydrodynamic form for the ion-ion dynamical structureSii(q, ω) to be the same as for a classical one-component liquid, in the present theory the contribution to the sound-wave attenuation from single-particle excitations in the conduction electron system is derived explicitly. It is suggested that this is closely related to the anomalous scaling with isotopic mass of the atomic transport coefficients in liquid lithium. The relation to neutron elastic scattering is also established, and some measurements on liquid gallium can be interpreted in a qualitative manner. By studying the charge-charge correlation function for the two-component liquid metal, a theory of electrical resistivity is afforded, which is shown to reduce to Baym’s treatment of the scattering of electrons by the density fluctuations in the limit of weak electron-ion interaction. The relation between the high-frequency conductivity, obtained for arbitrary strength of the electron-ion interaction and the classical Drude-Zener theory is pointed out, and the sum rules for conductivity are seen to be related to those forSii(q, ω) in the limitq→0. A brief discussion of the thermodynamics of the two-component system is included, and related to results for weak electron-ion coupling.

Tunable Noble Metal Thin Films on Ga Alloys via Galvanic Replacement.

Abstract: Room-temperature liquid metals such as GaInSn or EGaIn present the most attractive properties for soft and highly stretchable electronics. Recently, several methods have been investigated to functionalize the surface of the liquid metal via coatings and encapsulation. However, most can hardly be extended to other samples than droplets. In this study, we focus on the tunability of the process of galvanic replacement of Ga alloys with gold to form thin-film encapsulation. We characterized in-depth the obtainable composition and structure of a noble metal shell formed on the liquid metal via scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and topographic laser microscopy and highlighted the change in mechanism of galvanic replacement in different pH ranges. We showed the tunability of the surface morphology selection of different pH ranges, the solutions concentrations, and the reaction time. The adjustment of the pH of KAuBr4 solution to the preferential Ga2O3-free domain led to the successful format...