Topic
Liquid metal
About: Liquid metal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6947 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77785 citations. The topic is also known as: liquid alloy & liquid metal alloy.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analysis and comparative evaluation of different methods used for the numerical solution of heat conduction with phase change problems, both freezing (melting) water as well as solidifiying liquid metal problems are examined.
Abstract: The work presents an analysis and comparative evaluation of different methods used for the numerical solution of heat conduction with phase change problems. Both freezing (melting) water as well as solidifiying liquid metal problems are examined. Emphasis is placed on weak formulations as they tend to be simple to program and easily implemented in existing single-phase codes. A new method based on the apparent capacity technique is proposed. In this technique an ''effective capacity'' is computed, based on the integration of temperature profiles over the nodal volumes. This method shows significantly better performance when compared with other methods for the numerical analysis of solidifying metals.
110 citations
01 Jun 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, the nature of the metal-ionocovalent oxide interfacial bond is discussed on the basis of different models, and the influence of oxygen and of metallic additions to the metal on the wettability of the oxide is discussed.
Abstract: The nature of the metal-ionocovalent oxide interfacial bond is discussed on the basis of different models. Predictions of these models compared to experimental results as regards the wettability of monocrystalline oxides by pure metals lead to the conclusion that interfacial bond is chemical even in non reactive systems. The influence of oxygen and of metallic additions to the metal on the wettability of the oxide is then discussed. Oxygen has two effects : a damage of the wettability at low temperatures when the oxide film covering the liquid metal is stable and an improvement of the wettability at higher temperatures when it is dissolved in the liquid metal. Metallic solutes can also greatly improve the wetting and the thermodynamic adhesion either by adsorption or reaction processes at the metal-oxide interface.
110 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the status of the development of liquid metal anodes is summarized and the current challenges of the liquid metal electrodes (LME) as electrodes for rechargeable batteries.
Abstract: Liquid metals (LM) and alloys that feature inherent deformability, high electronic conductivity, and superior electrochemical properties have attracted considerable research attention, especially in the energy storage research field for both portable devices and grid scale applications. Compared with high temperature LM systems requiring rigorous thermal management and sophisticated cell sealing, room temperature LMs, which can maintain the advantageous features of liquids without external energy input, are emerging as promising alternatives to build advanced energy storage devices. Moreover, compared with high-temperature liquid metal alternatives, RT-LMs are free of thermal management, corrosion, and sealing issues. In this perspective, we summarize recent advances, analyze current challenges, and provide prospects of the RT-LM systems as electrodes for rechargeable batteries. Starting with an introduction of LM systems and their features, we present the status of the development of liquid metal anodes. Theoretical and experimental explorations of mechanisms including phase equilibria, wetting behavior, and alloy deposition behavior in a battery using liquid metal electrodes (LME) are provided to guide the battery design. Taking Na–K alkali metal alloys and Ga-based fusible alloys as two model LME systems, different battery designs are presented along with mechanistic discussions on cathode dependence, interfacial chemistry, and the multi-cation effect. In addition, other possible battery designs, major challenges, and possible opportunities for further developments of the RT LM-based energy storage systems are also discussed in the end.
109 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the free surface flow of liquid melt and its expulsion, the tracking of the solid-liquid and liquid-vapor interfaces with different thermo-physical properties in the two phases and the evolution of latent heat of fusion over a temperature range are mathematically modeled for the two-dimensional axisymmetric case in the transient development of a laser drilled hole where the impressed pressure and temperature on the melt surface is provided by a one-dimensional gas dynamics model.
109 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a study of splat-quench solidification of small, freely falling liquid drops of the alloy Nitronic 40W, which were allowed to impact on a solid, planar, horizontal substrate was presented.
Abstract: Results are presented of a study of the splat-quench solidification of small, freely falling liquid drops of the alloy Nitronic 40W, which were allowed to impact on a solid, planar, horizontal substrate. The principal variable was the substrate material, with substrates of copper, alumina and fused quartz being used. The shapes of the solidified splats were correlated with a simplified model for the energetics of the splatting process and with the thermal conductivity of the substrate. The measured results are qualitatively in agreement with theoretical predictions, and suggestions are offered for a more comprehensive model of splat-quench solidification. A relationship between sessile droplet diameter and parent wire diameter is also presented and discussed.
109 citations