Topic
Liquid metal
About: Liquid metal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6947 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77785 citations. The topic is also known as: liquid alloy & liquid metal alloy.
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04 Nov 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors mainly focus on the low-toxicity, biocompatible, and room-temperature molding gallium-based (Ga-based) liquid metals.
Abstract: Summary The surface of liquid metals plays a critical role in establishing thermodynamic equilibria (both mass and energy) at the interface between liquid metal and air. The exploration on the surface structure and electronic property of liquid metals triggers a new field of the liquid metal surface chemistry system, which is indispensable for researching scientific phenomena and developing practical technologies. In this review, we mainly focus on the low-toxicity, biocompatible, and room-temperature molding gallium-based (Ga-based) liquid metals. We firstly introduce these surface characteristics of Ga-based liquid metals such as wetting, oxidizing, layering, and freezing, and offer an in-depth discussion to unearth the underlying mechanisms. On this basis, these related various applications are presented. Finally, we conclude the review with insights into the challenges and prospects in this rapidly emerging research field.
71 citations
Book•
01 Oct 1990TL;DR: In this article, pair correlation function and structure factors of ions were used to measure the properties of ion-ion interactions. But they did not consider the relationship between pair correlation functions and their structure factors.
Abstract: Preface 1 Outline 2 Pair correlation function and structure factors of ions 3 Thermodynamics 4 Electron screening and effective ion-ion interactions 5 Inter-ionic forces and structural theories 6 Statistical mechanics of inhomogeneous systems and freezing theory 7 Electronic and atomic transport 8 Hydrodynamic limits of correlation functions and neutron inelastic scattering 9 Critical behaviour 10 Electronic states, including critical region 11 Magnetism of normal and especially of expanded liquid metals 12 Liquid-vapour surface 13 Binary liquid metal alloys 14 Two-component theory of pure liquid metals 15 Shock wave studies 16 Liquid hydrogen plasmas and constitution of Jupiter Appendices References Index
71 citations
Patent•
IBM1
TL;DR: A heat dissipating system utilizes a thin layer of a high conductivity liquid metal to provide cooling for electronic sub-assemblies, such as semiconductor chips as mentioned in this paper, which transfers heat from the chip to a heat sink or heat spreader.
Abstract: A heat dissipating system utilizes a thin layer of a high conductivity liquid metal to provide cooling for electronic sub-assemblies, such as semiconductor chips. The liquid metal preferably is gallium or its alloy which transfers heat from the chip to a heat sink or heat spreader. The system includes one or more vents that allow for filling and venting of the space occupied by the liquid. It also utilizes a flexible seal, such as an O-ring or a membrane held in place with a retainer ring, or a plug that seals the filling vent. The seal flexes to accommodate expansion and contraction of the liquid, as well as phase changes from the liquid phase to the solid phase.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a general optimization process for the flow and thermal performance of micro/mini-channel heat sink is developed, for water cooling and liquid metal cooling both in micro scale and millimeter scale together.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a lowvoltage, low power method of electrically deforming a liquid-metal droplet via the direct manipulation of its surface tension is presented, which allows the liquid metal to be deformed at rates exceeding 120mm/s, greater than an order of magnitude faster than existing techniques for electrical deformation.
Abstract: A low-voltage, low-power method of electrically deforming a liquid-metal droplet via the direct manipulation of its surface tension is presented. By imposing a quasi-planar geometry on the liquid metal, its sensitivity to electrocapillary actuation is increased by more than a factor of 40. This heightened responsiveness allows the liquid metal to be deformed at rates exceeding 120 mm/s, greater than an order of magnitude faster than existing techniques for electrical deformation. Significantly, it is demonstrated how this process can be combined with voltage-controlled oxide growth on the surface of non-toxic, gallium-based liquid metals to reversibly form and maintain arbitrary, high-energy shapes.
70 citations