Topic
Liquid metal
About: Liquid metal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6947 publications have been published within this topic receiving 77785 citations. The topic is also known as: liquid alloy & liquid metal alloy.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe emerging methods to pattern metals that are liquid at room temperature, including injection, injection, subtractive, additive, and additive techniques, which can be divided into four categories: (i) patterning enabled by lithography, (ii) injection, (iii) subtractive and (iv) additive techniques.
Abstract: This highlight describes emerging methods to pattern metals that are liquid at room temperature. The ability to pattern liquid metals is important for fabricating metallic components that are soft, stretchable, conformal, and in some cases, shape-reconfigurable. Applications include electrodes, antennas, micro-mirrors, plasmonic structures, sensors, switches, and interconnects. Gallium (Ga) and its liquid metal alloys are attractive alternatives to toxic mercury. This family of alloys spontaneously forms a surface oxide that dominates the rheological and wetting properties of the metal. These properties pose challenges using conventional fabrication methods, but present new opportunities for patterning innovations. For example, Ga-based liquid metals may be injected, imprinted, or 3D printed on either soft or hard substrates. The use of a liquid metal also enables rapid and facile room temperature processing. The patterning techniques organize into four categories: (i) patterning enabled by lithography, (ii) injection, (iii) subtractive techniques, and (iv) additive techniques. Although many of these approaches take advantage of the surface oxide that forms on Ga and its alloys, some of the approaches may also be suitable for patterning other soft-conductors (e.g., conductive inks, pastes, elastomeric composites).
269 citations
TL;DR: The authors describes the principal characteristics of liquid metal embrittlement and the several models which have been advanced in attempts to explain the occurrence and different features of the process Comparison between theory and experiment indicates that many, but not all, of its aspects are consistent with a mechanism which operates by reducing the fracture surface energy of the solid metal.
Abstract: Liquid metal embrittlement is the reduction in the elongation to failure that can be produced when normally ductile solid metals are stressed while in contact with a liquid metal This review describes its principal characteristics and the several models which have been advanced in attempts to explain the occurrence and different features of the process Comparison between theory and experiment indicates that many, but not all, of its aspects are consistent with a mechanism which operates by reducing the fracture surface energy of the solid metal Literature reports show that liquid metal embrittlement can occur with a very wide range of material combinations, and while most of the data refer to laboratory studies, it is clear that the phenomenon is also of technological significance as a potential cause of plant damage
261 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the long-term behavior of steels in liquid lead and lead-bismuth is analyzed by using a corrosion model in which the oxidation and scale removal are coupled.
261 citations
TL;DR: The Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) as discussed by the authors is an innovative liquid metal reactor concept being developed at Argonne National Laboratory, which aims to exploit the inherent properties of liquid metal cooling and metallic fuel in a way that leads to substantial improvements in the characteristics of the complete reactor system.
Abstract: The Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) is an innovative liquid metal reactor concept being developed at Argonne National Laboratory. It seeks to specifically exploit the inherent properties of liquid metal cooling and metallic fuel in a way that leads to substantial improvements in the characteristics of the complete reactor system. The IFR concept consists of four technical features: (1) liquid sodium cooling, (2) pool-type reactor configuration, (3) metallic fuel, and (4) an integral fuel cycle, based on pyrometallurgical processing and injection-cast fuel fabrication, with the fuel cycle facility collocated with the reactor, if so desired.
237 citations
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, liquid metal marbles that are droplets of liquid metal encapsulated by micro- or nanoparticles are introduced, and they can be split and merged, suspended on water, and are even stable when moving under the force of gravity and impacting a flat solid surface.
Abstract: Liquid metal marbles that are droplets of liquid metal encapsulated by micro- or nanoparticles are introduced. Droplets of galinstan liquid metal are coated with insulators (including Teflon and silica) and semiconductors (including WO3, TiO2, MoO3, In2O3 and carbon nanotubes) by rolling over a powder bed and also by submerging in colloidal suspensions. It is shown that these marbles can be split and merged, can be suspended on water, and are even stable when moving under the force of gravity and impacting a flat solid surface. Furthermore, the marble coating can operate as an active electronic junction and the nanomaterial coated liquid metal marble can act as a highly sensitive electrochemical based heavy metal ion sensor. This new element thus represents a significant platform for the advancement of research into soft electronics.
233 citations