Liquid paraffin

About: Liquid paraffin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6185 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52956 citations.

Therapy and clinical progress of cattle with dilatation and torsion of the caecum.

Abstract: One hundred and eleven heifers and cows with caecal dilatation and torsion were examined and their subsequent progress monitored. Using various criteria it was decided whether the animal was to be slaughtered or treated conservatively or surgically. Conservative treatment consisted of a continuous drip infusion containing neostigmine and of purgatives such as liquid paraffin, sometimes in combination with sodium sulphate. Surgical treatment consisted of laparotomy on the right flank with emptying and sometimes partial resection of the caecum. Five animals had to be slaughtered before or during surgery and another five which developed severe peritonitis were slaughtered after surgery. Fifty-nine animals underwent surgery once without resection of the caecum and 20 with. Another 14 animals needed surgery twice.

Swelling and stress-relaxation of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gels in the collapsed state

Abstract: Swelling and stress–relaxation under tension for poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) hydrogels have been investigated in water and in liquid paraffin at various temperatures. Initial Young’s modulus is much enhanced due to the change from the swollen to collapsed state, but no difference has been observed in the initial and osmotic Poisson ratios for the gels not only in the collapsed but also in the swollen states. The enhancement of modulus originates from the introduction of physical crosslinks in the collapsed state. In liquid paraffin, the gels in the collapsed phase show large degree of stress reduction in the course of stress–relaxation due to the breakdown of the physical crosslinks. The stress–relaxation induced by swelling is observed for both phases in water, but the degree of stress reduction is larger in the collapsed phase than in the swollen phase. A comparison between experimental results and theory applicable to swelling and swelling-induced stress–relaxation is made to show that the agreement is not so good. For the stress–relaxation of the collapsed gel in water, it is suggested that the swelling couples with the breakdown of physical crosslinks at short times, and the trance of the coupling is observed even at long times.

Self circulation heat exchange method for materials in production of chlorinating paraffin-52 and chlorination reaction device therefor

Abstract: The invention provides a self circulation heat exchange method for materials in production of chlorinating paraffin-52 and a chlorination reaction device therefor The method comprises the steps that: a, liquid paraffin is added into an automatic circulation main and auxiliary chlorination reaction kettle provided with a catalytic light source and a heat exchanger outside the kettle, and a catalytic light source lamp is turned on; b, liquid chlorine is introduced into a gasification kettle, stabilized by an accumulator still, and is introduced into a main kettle of the chlorination reaction kettle at a chlorine flowrate of between 200 and 230Kg/h, the chlorination temperature is controlled to be between 100 and 110 DEG C, the reaction is stopped when the chlorine content analyzed in a taken sample is between 50 and 54 percent to obtain a crude product of the chlorinating paraffin-52, dissolved chlorine and chlorine hydride in the crude product of the chlorinating paraffin-52 are removed by a degasification kettle, and then a stabilizing agent is added to obtain a finished product of the chlorinating paraffin-52; and c, gas coming out of the main kettle of the chlorination reaction kettle enters an auxiliary kettle of the chlorination reaction kettle, gas coming out of the auxiliary kettle of the chlorination reaction kettle passes through a graphitic absorber, a water falling film is used for absorbing the chlorine hydride in the gas to prepare hydrochloric acid, micro chlorine and chlorine hydride contained in tail gas which is discharged by the graphic absorber pass through a waste gas processor and are absorbed by water solution of sodium hydroxide to generate sodium hypochlorite and sodium chloride

In vitro response of encapsulated and non-encapsulated somatic embryos of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora)

Abstract: The aim of present investigation was to study the effect of storage conditions on percentage germination of encapsulated and non-encapsulated somatic embryos of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora). Different batches of encapsulated and non-encapsulated embryos were preserved at room temperature, 4°C, in liquid nitrogen as such and by embedding in liquid paraffin. In the encapsulated somatic embryos stored at room temperature in sealed Petri plates, percentage of germination was 24.99%, but 5.55% in non-encapsulated embryos after 3 days of storage. Encapsulated embryos stored in vials containing liquid paraffin at room temperature were germinated at 18.05% after 60 days of storage, while it was 13.88% in non-encapsulated embryos after 45 days of storage. Encapsulated somatic embryos stored at 4°C in sealed Petri plates remained viable for up to 75 days with 6.94% germination, whereas non-encapsulated embryos remained viable for up to 45 days with 24.99% germination. Encapsulated embryos stored at 4°C in vials filled with paraffin germinated at 11.11% after 120 days of storage, but 5.55% in non-encapsulated embryos after 90 days of storage. Encapsulated and non-encapsulated embryos stored in liquid nitrogen showed 58.33 and 51.38% survival, respectively, after 7 months of storage. The plantlets developed from these embryos were transplanted after acclimatization and are growing normal.

Sodium and Potassium in Oocytes of Triturus Cristatus

Abstract: Newt oocytes were dissected under liquid paraffin and known volumes of clean nucleoplasm and cytoplasm were obtained from oocytes in different stages of oogenesis. The samples were digested in redistilled nitric acid, diluted with deionized water, and their Na and K contents were measured by flame spectrophotometry. The results were expressed as micro-equivalents of Na and K per millilitre of nucleoplasm or cytoplasm. In oocytes of 0.3-0.5 mm diameter nucleoplasm and cytoplasm have similar Na and K concentrations, and the molar K:Na ratio is about 3:1. As the oocyte grows to maturity the nucleoplasmic Na and K concentrations do not change, but the cytoplasmic K concentration falls steadily until, in nearly mature oocytes, the cytoplasmic K:Na ratio is near 1:1. Measurements of Na and K concentrations in yolky and clear cytoplasm show that both fractions have the same K content and the concentration of K decreases in both fractions as the oocyte grows. The significance of these results is discussed in terms of the possible effects of changes in the intracellular ion balance on the morphology and synthetic activity of the chromosomes.