Liquid paraffin

About: Liquid paraffin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6185 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52956 citations.

Clerodendron inerme Protects Cellular Integrity During 7,12- Dimethylbenz[A]-Anthracene Induced Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis

Abstract: Aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of Clerodendron inerme on cellular integrity by measuring the status of glycoconjugates, lipids, osmotic fragility, and membrane bound enzyme activity in 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral carcinogenesis. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was induced in the buccal pouch of Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin thrice a week for 14 weeks. The levels of glycoconjugates, lipids, osmotic fragility and membrane bound enzyme activity were analyzed by using specific colorimetric methods. We observed 100% tumor formation in DMBA painted hamsters. Altered glycoconjugates and lipid pattern were observed in DMBA painted hamsters as compared to control hamsters. Erythrocytes from DMBA painted hamsters were more fragile than those from control hamsters. The activity of membrane bound enzyme (Na+ K+ ATPase) decreased in DMBA painted hamsters as compared to control hamsters. Oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of Clerodendron inerme (CiALet) at a dose of 500mg/kg body weight significantly prevented the tumor formation and histopathological abnormalities as well as normalized the above said biochemical variables in DMBA painted hamsters. Our results thus demonstrate the protective effect of Clerodendron inerme on cellular integrity during DMBA induced oral carcinogenesis.

Lightweight calcium carbonate, process for producing the same, and printing paper containing the same

Abstract: The light calcium carbonate in the form of microparticle aggregate of the present invention has a BET specific surface area not smaller than 10 m 2 /g and not larger than 25 m 2 /g, a pore volume of 005 cm 3 /g or larger for pores having a pore diameter of 0 to 1000 Å as determined by the nitrogen adsorption method, and a pore volume ratio of 25% or more for pores having a pore diameter of 250 Å or smaller based on the total pore volume as determined by the nitrogen adsorption method, and shows an oil absorption of 100 cc/100 g or more as determined by using liquid paraffin By using this light calcium carbonate as a filler of printing paper, superior ink absorbing property and opacity (especially opacity after printing) can be imparted to the printing paper

Study of detergency. I. Effect of the concentration and the kind of detergent in hard water

Abstract: The effect of concentration and kind of detergent, and nature of oil-on-oil removal efficiency in hard water was studied. Maximum oil removal efficiencies are shown at the same water hardness for a given oil. As the concentration of detergents increases, the water hardness at maximum oil removal efficiency increases and the sharpness of the oil removal peak is lessened. A linear relationship between concentration of detergent and water hardness at maximum oil removal efficiency was found. This relationship is dependent on the nature of the oily soil and kind of detergent.

Ultrasound-Assisted Preparation of Exopolysaccharide/Nystatin Nanoemulsion for Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Abstract: Purpose As one of the classic anti-Canidia albicans (CA) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) drugs, nystatin (NYS) is limited by poor water solubility and easy aggregation. Traditional NYS vaginal delivery formulations do not fully adapt to the specific environment of the vaginal cavity. The use of exopolysaccharides (EPS) has great application potential in emulsifiers, but its use has not been reported in nanoemulsions. In this work, an EPS/NYS nanoemulsion (ENNE) was developed to improve the activities of NYS against CA and VVC. Methods The ENNE was prepared by ultrasonic method using EPS as an emulsifier, liquid paraffin oil as an oil phase, PEG400 as a co-emulsifier, and NYS as the loaded drug. ENNE preparation was optimized by response surface method. After optimization, in vitro and in vivo analysis of the anti-CA activity; animal experiments; staining with propidium iodide (PI), periodic acid-schiff (PAS), and hematoxylin-eosin (HE and cytokine experiments were performed to investigate the therapeutic ability against VVC. Results The optimal formulation and preparation parameters of ENNE were determined as follows: EPS content of 1.5%, PEG400 content of 3.2%, NYS content of 700 μg/mL, paraffin oil content of 5.0%, ultrasonic time of 15 min, and ultrasonic amplitude of 35%. The ENNE showed an encapsulated structure with an average particle size of 131.1 ± 4.32 nm. ENNE exhibited high storage and pH stability, as well as slow release. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ENNE against CA was only 0.125 μg/mL and the inhibition zone was 19.0 ± 0.5 mm, for greatly improved anti-CA effect. The prepared ENNE destroyed the membrane of CA cells, and exhibited good anti-CA effect in vivo and therapeutic ability against VVC. Conclusion The results of this study will promote the application of EPS in nanotechnology, which should lead to new and effective local drug formulations for treating VVC.