Liquid paraffin

About: Liquid paraffin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6185 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52956 citations.

Transferrin-coated magnetic upconversion nanoparticles for efficient photodynamic therapy with near-infrared irradiation and luminescence bioimaging

Abstract: In the present study, we devised a green-synthesis route to NaYF4:Gd3+,Yb3+,Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) by using eco-friendly paraffin liquid, instead of 1-octadecene, as a high boiling non-coordinating solvent. A multifunctional nanoplatform was then developed by coating UCNPs with biocompatible transferrin (TRF) for magnetically-assisted and near-infrared light induced photodynamic therapy and bioimaging. Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), a clinically approved photodynamic therapy agent, was loaded into the shell layer of the TRF-coated UCNPs (UCNP@TRF nanoparticles), which can be efficiently taken up by cancer cells for photodynamic therapy. Upon near-infrared light irradiation, the UCNP@TRF-PpIX nanoparticles could not only kill the cancer cells via photodynamic therapy but also serve as imaging probes. We also demonstrated that an external magnetic field could be used to increase the uptake of UCNP@TRF-PpIX nanoparticles by MDA-MB-231 and HeLa cancer cells, and hence result in an enhanced photodynamic therapy efficiency. This work demonstrates the innovative design and development of high-performance multifunctional PDT agents.

Gastro-intestinal cancer and the use of liquid paraffin.

Abstract: FRom data collected in a previous inquiry (DoR and Hill, 1950) it was possible to make some investigation of the past use of purgatives of a group of patients suffering from cancer of the gastro-intestinal tract and to compare this experience with that of a large number of patients whose disease was other than gastrointestinal cancer. Purgative histories were available for 2249 patients. For these patients information had been obtained about whether purgatives were used, \" Often\" (i.e., regularly at least once per week), \" occasionaRy \" (i.e., regularly at least once per month) or not at all; about the age at starting the use of purgatives, the age at ,-topping the use of purgatives, and about the type of purgative used. For the purpose of the analysis only patients whose history of purgative taking extended over a continuous period of at least 5 years were considered as \" purgative users.\" This arbitrary definition of \" purgative user \" was set up to exclude sporadic users of purgatives and those patients who had started to take purgatives as a result of the symptoms produced by cancer in the gastro-intestinal tract. Three hundred and twenty-two patients who were suffering from gastro-intestinal disease other than cancer were excluded from the analysis since, in a large proportion of this group (e.g., the many peptic ulcer patients), their disease was already of more than 5 years' duration at the time of interview and may wen have given rise to the formation of the purgative habit. The data remaining for analysis consisted of purgative histories of 1927 patients, of whom 614 had been diagnosed as having a gastro-intestinal cancer and 1313 formed a control group of non-gastro-intestinal patients. Of the 614 gastro-intestinal cancers, 387 were cancers of the large bowel and 227 were cancers of the stomach : the control group consisted of 647 patients with cancers of the luDg and 666 patients with non-gastro-intestinal diseases other than cancer.

NIR-emitting quantum dot-encoded microbeads through membrane emulsification for multiplexed immunoassays

Abstract: NIR-emitting CdSeTe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell QD-encoded microbeads are combined with common flow cytometry with one laser for multiplexed detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV). A facile one-pot synthetic route is developed to prepare CdSeTe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell QDs with high photoluminescence quantum yield and excellent stability in liquid paraffin, and a Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification technique is applied to incorporate the QDs into polystyrene-maleic anhydride (PSMA) microbeads to obtain highly fluorescent QD-encoded microbeads. The relatively wide NIR photoluminescence full width half maximum of the CdSeTe/CdS/ZnS QDs is used to develop a 'single wavelength' encoding method to obtain different optical codes by changing the wavelengh and emission intensity of the QDs incorporated into the microbeads. Moreover, a detection platform combining NIR-emitting CdSeTe/CdS/ZnS QD-encoded microbeads and Beckman Coulter FC 500 flow cytometry with one laser of 488 nm is successfully used to conduct a 2-plex hybridization assay for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and a 3-plex hybridization assay for hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb), and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), which suggests the promising application of NIR QD-encoded microbeads for multiplex immunoassays.