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Liquid paraffin

About: Liquid paraffin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6185 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52956 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the emulsifying properties of the natural biopolymer gum kondagogu (GKG) and found that the stabilisation of emulsions with GKG was due to mutual repulsion between electrical double layers of particles and adsorption of macromolecules on oil droplets.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural polymers are widely used as emulsifying agents in the food and pharmaceutical industries because of their low cost, biocompatibility and non-toxic nature. In the present study, emulsifying properties of the novel natural biopolymer gum kondagogu (GKG) were investigated. GKG solutions of different concentrations (0.1–0.6% w/v) were prepared in water and emulsified with liquid paraffin oil (40% v/v) in a high-speed homogeniser. Flow properties of the emulsions were measured using a rheometer. Emulsion stability and droplet size distribution were determined by visual observation, photomicrography and laser-scattering particle size distribution analysis. RESULTS: The emulsions prepared with GKG showed pseudoplastic behaviour. The size of oil droplets and the viscosity of emulsions at concentrations of 0.4–0.6% w/v showed little change over time (up to 30 days), indicating that the emulsions were stable. Measurements of the zeta potential of emulsions adjusted to different pH, with and without added electrolyte, showed that the stabilisation of emulsions with GKG was due to mutual repulsion between electrical double layers of particles and adsorption of macromolecules on oil droplets. CONCLUSION: The results of this experimental investigation show that GKG is a good emulsifying agent even at low concentrations, with many potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry

29 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2018-Vacuum
TL;DR: In this article, the impregnation of both the raw and calcined Algerian diatomite with a mixture of paraffin wax (PW) and liquid Paraffin (LP) in order to obtain composite PCMs with a melting temperature below 30°C and an appropriate latent heat was studied.

29 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evaluating the developmental competence of immature oocytes collected from surplus medulla tissue in connection with ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation and its applications in fertility preservation is evaluated.
Abstract: Objective Evaluating the developmental competence of immature oocytes collected from surplus medulla tissue in connection with ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation. Design Cohort comparative study. Setting University laboratory in Denmark from 2011–2012. Population 69 girls and women (0–38 years of age) who each had one ovary cryopreserved for fertility preservation. Methods Ovaries were obtained directly from the local hospital or from collaborating hospitals (two to five hours' transport on ice). Immature oocytes were aspirated from large antral follicles visible on the ovaries, and collected from the saline solution, containing surplus medulla tissue, following dissection of the ovarian cortical tissue for cryopreservation. The immature oocytes were cultured for 48 h in an Embryoscope™ Time-lapse System or in culture dishes overlaid with liquid paraffin using commercial and in-house supplemented culture media. Main outcome measures Maturation rate for immature oocytes reaching metaphase II. Results With a maturation rate of 3.1%, only 21 of 682 immature oocytes reached metaphase II. Immature oocytes from ovaries that had been transported on ice for two to five hours performed significantly poorer than those recovered immediately after surgery. Addition of epidermal growth factor and follicle fluid from human small antral follicles to the culture medium did not augment the maturation rate. Immature oocytes cultured in the Embryoscope performed significantly better than those in conventional culture dishes. Conclusions In vitro maturation of immature oocytes should only be attempted clinically from visible antral follicles and where the ovary is not subjected to a cooling period prior to recovery of immature oocytes.

29 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the synthesis of methanol by CO and CO 2 hydrogenation and water-gas-shift reaction on Cu/γ-Al 2 O 3 in liquid paraffin solution using density functional theory calculations.

29 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The post-tetanic positivity of a nerve in acid medium is increased by potassium-free solutions but abolished by inhibitors of intermediate metabolism (iodoacetate, cyanide, azide, 2 : 4 dinitrophenol).
Abstract: 1. The long lasting changes in membrane potential following repetitive stimulation of three types of mammalian nerves consisting predominantly of non-medullated fibres (rabbit and rat cervical sympathetic and cat hypogastric nerves) have been studied in vitro, using nerves suspended in liquid paraffin and with the sucrose-gap technique.2. In Krebs solution (pH 7.4), the post-tetanic change in membrane potential is variable from one nerve to the next. On changing to a solution of acid pH (6.4) however, repetitive excitation is always followed by high voltage positivity. This « acid » effect does not reach its maximum immediately and reasons are given for believing that the delay is attributable to the time taken for hydrogen ions to penetrate the membrane. The « acid » effect is irreversible.3. The post-tetanic positivity of a nerve in acid medium is increased by potassium-free solutions but abolished by inhibitors of intermediate metabolism (iodoacetate, cyanide, azide, 2 : 4 dinitrophenol).4. The...

29 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20239
202216
202168
2020146
2019277
2018417