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Literature citation

About: Literature citation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 79886 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper could serve as a general literature citation when one or more of the open-source SH ELX programs (and the Bruker AXS version SHELXTL) are employed in the course of a crystal-structure determination.
Abstract: An account is given of the development of the SHELX system of computer programs from SHELX-76 to the present day. In addition to identifying useful innovations that have come into general use through their implementation in SHELX, a critical analysis is presented of the less-successful features, missed opportunities and desirable improvements for future releases of the software. An attempt is made to understand how a program originally designed for photographic intensity data, punched cards and computers over 10000 times slower than an average modern personal computer has managed to survive for so long. SHELXL is the most widely used program for small-molecule refinement and SHELXS and SHELXD are often employed for structure solution despite the availability of objectively superior programs. SHELXL also finds a niche for the refinement of macromolecules against high-resolution or twinned data; SHELXPRO acts as an interface for macromolecular applications. SHELXC, SHELXD and SHELXE are proving useful for the experimental phasing of macromolecules, especially because they are fast and robust and so are often employed in pipelines for high-throughput phasing. This paper could serve as a general literature citation when one or more of the open-source SHELX programs (and the Bruker AXS version SHELXTL) are employed in the course of a crystal-structure determination.

81,116 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the coding of all of the articles and citations for this study and the contribution made by their research associate Amer Mohamed who was responsible for assisting us in the coding.
Abstract: 27 p. ; Includes bibliographical references (pp. 25-27). ; "January 2004."; The authors would like to thank the research contribution made by our research associate Amer Mohamed who was responsible for assisting us in the coding of all of the articles and citations for this study.

311 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ILThermo database as discussed by the authors is a Web-based ionic liquids database that provides users with up-to-date information from publications of experimental thermophysical properties for ionic liquid, including numerical property values, measurement methods, sample purities, purification methods and uncertainties.
Abstract: The development, scope, and functionality of the Web-based ionic liquids database, ILThermo, are described. The database is available free to the public and aims to provide users worldwide with up to date information from publications of experimental thermophysical properties for ionic liquids, including numerical property values, measurement methods, sample purities, purification methods, and uncertainties. The database can be searched in terms of the ions constituting the ionic liquids, the ionic liquids themselves, and their properties and through literature citation information

197 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An extensive literature review on studies that have used DNA sequences to detect cryptic species of parasites during the last decade found a lack of methodological and theoretical uniformity in the discipline for finding and delimiting cryptic species and recommended that parasitologists describe (and formally name) cryptic species following standard taxonomic practice.
Abstract: We conducted an extensive literature review on studies that have used DNA sequences to detect cryptic species of parasites during the last decade Each literature citation that included the term "cryptic" or "sibling" species was analyzed to determine the approach used by the author(s) Reports were carefully filtered to retain only those that recognized the existence of cryptic species centered on the use of DNA sequences Based on analysis of these papers, we comment on the different ways that parasite cryptic species are discovered in studies focusing on different aspects of the host-parasite relationship, or disciplines, within parasitology We found a lack of methodological and theoretical uniformity in the discipline for finding and delimiting cryptic species, and we draw attention to the need for standardizing these approaches We suggest that cryptic species, in the strict sense, are always provisionally cryptic, in that the possibility does exist that new morphological studies or techniques will reveal previously unknown diagnostic structural differences which will permit rapid and practical morphological diagnosis To avoid future taxonomic confusion, we recommend that parasitologists describe (and formally name) cryptic species following standard taxonomic practice

180 citations

BookDOI
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: The earliest literature citation of coal (combustible bodies, some of which by inference must be coal) is attributed to Aristotle in his treatise “Meteorology,” which may date near the middle of the fourth century B.C.
Abstract: Coal, “the black rock that burns,” is the subject of song, story, and legend. The earliest literature citation of coal (combustible bodies, some of which by inference must be coal) is credited to Aristotle in his treatise “Meteorology,” which may date near the middle of the fourth century B.C. Theophrastus, a student of Aristotle, at what is probably a slightly later date provides descriptions of different forms of coal based on their behavior in combustion, identifies areas of occurrence, and states that it was used by smiths (footnote by Hoover to Agricola, 1556). Though the Greek philosophers are responsible for the earliest known literature citations, China and perhaps other parts of eastern Asia are usually believed to have preceded the Mediterranean area in recognition of coal as a peculiar material with usable properties. Inouye (1913) states that although there is no authentic record of the history of the Fu-shun coal field in southern Manchuria, “it is said that the coal was used as fuel … for copper smelting in times as remote as 2,000 or even 3,000 years ago.” Fires through most of man’s history have been fed by “traditional fuels"—wood, straw, dung, and other plant materials. That coal could be of complementary usage is recorded in the remains of funeral pyres in Wales, dated about 3,000 years ago (Lindbergh and Proverse, 1977). However, the versatility of coal was not widely appreciated, and the discovery and use of charcoal satisfied most needs of primitive metal-working. By the end of the

165 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20216
202011
20194
20184
20172
20166