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Showing papers on "Literature survey published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is evident from a literature survey of about 185 recently published papers that low-cost adsorbents have demonstrated outstanding removal capabilities for MB, and these include agricultural wastes, industrial solid wastes, biomass, clays minerals and zeolites.

2,493 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Ilhan Ozturk1
TL;DR: A survey of the recent progress in the literature of energy consumption and economic growth causality nexus can be found in this paper, which highlights that most empirical studies focus on either testing the role of energy (electricity) in stimulating economic growth or examining the direction of causality between these two variables.

1,470 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The NCS and its different forms are introduced and discussed, and different fields and research arenas such as networking technology, network delay, network resource allocation, scheduling, network security in real-time NCSs, integration of components on a network, fault tolerance, etc.
Abstract: Networked control systems (NCSs) have been one of the main research focuses in academia as well as in industry for many decades and have become a multidisciplinary area. With these growing research trends, it is important to consolidate the latest knowledge and information to keep up with the research needs. In this paper, the NCS and its different forms are introduced and discussed. The beginning of this paper discusses the history and evolution of NCSs. The next part of this paper focuses on different fields and research arenas such as networking technology, network delay, network resource allocation, scheduling, network security in real-time NCSs, integration of components on a network, fault tolerance, etc. A brief literature survey and possible future direction concerning each topic is included.

1,053 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an extensive list of low-cost adsorbents (prepared by utilizing different types of waste materials) from vast literature has been compiled and their adsorption capacities for various aquatic pollutants as available in the literature are presented.

1,044 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The conventional methods, analytical techniques and recent developments in food pathogen detection, identification and quantification, with an emphasis on biosensors are described.

1,023 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The influence of surface modification of activated carbon with gaseous ammonia on adsorption properties toward carbon dioxide (CO2) was reviewed in this paper, where two different methods, heat treatment and ammonia treatment (amination) for producing activated carbon had been compared and amination was found to be suitable modification technique for obtaining efficient CO2 adsorbents.

853 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: SPECT and PET technology has been around for decades, but its use remained limited because of the limited availability of relevant isotopes which had to be produced in nuclear reactors or particle accelerators, but the introduction of the small biomedical cyclotron, the self-contained radionuclide generator and the dedicated small animal or clinical SPECT andPET scanners to hospitals and research facilities has increased the demand for SPect and PET isotopes.
Abstract: Molecular imaging is the visualization, characterization and measurement of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels in humans and other living systems. Molecular imaging agents are probes used to visualize, characterize and measure biological processes in living systems. These two definitions were put forth by the Sociey of Nuclear Medicine (SNM) in 2007 as a way to capture the interdisciplinary nature of this relatively new field. The emergence of molecular imaging as a scientific discipline is a result of advances in chemistry, biology, physics and engineering, and the application of imaging probes and technologies has reshaped the philosophy of drug discovery in the pharmaceutical sciences by providing more cost effective ways to evaluate the efficacy of a drug candidate and allowing pharmaceutical companies to reduce the time it takes to introduce new therapeutics to the marketplace. Finally the impact of molecular imaging on clinical medicine has been extensive since it allows a physician to diagnose a patient’s illness, prescribe treatment and monitor the efficacy of that treatment non-invasively. Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) were the first molecular imaging modalities used clinically. SPECT requires the use of a contrast agent labeled with a gamma emitting radionuclide, which should have an ideal gamma energy of 100-250 keV. These gamma rays are recorded by the detectors of a dedicated gamma camera or SPECT instrument and after signal processing can be converted into an image indentifying the localization of the radiotracer. PET requires the injected radiopharmaceutical to be labeled with a positron emitting radionuclide. As the radionuclide decays it ejects a positron from its nucleus which travels a short distance before being annihilated with an electron to release two 511 keV gamma rays 180° apart that are detected by the PET scanner (Figure 1). After sufficient acquisition time the data are reconstructed using computer based algorithms to yield images of the radiotracer’s location within the organism. When compared to SPECT, PET has greater advantages with respect to sensitivity and resolution and has been gaining in clinical popularity, with the number of PET-based studies expected to reach 3.2 million by 2010.1 While SPECT and PET technology has been around for decades, its use remained limited because of the limited availability of relevant isotopes which had to be produced in nuclear reactors or particle accelerators. However, the introduction of the small biomedical cyclotron, the self-contained radionuclide generator and the dedicated small animal or clinical SPECT and PET scanners to hospitals and research facilities has increased the demand for SPECT and PET isotopes. Figure 1 Cartoon depicting the fundamental principle of Positron Emission Tomography (PET). As the targeting group interacts with the cell surface receptor, the positron emitting radio-metal decays by ejecting β+ particles from its nucleus. After traveling ... Traditional PET isotopes such as 18F, 15O, 13N and 11C have been developed for incorporation into small molecules, but due to their often lengthy radio-syntheses, short half-lives and rapid clearance, only early time points were available for imaging, leaving the investigation of biological processes, which occur over the duration of hours or days, difficult to explore. With the continuing development of biological targeting agents such as proteins, peptides, antibodies and nanoparticles, which demonstrate a range of biological half-lives, a need arose to produce new radionuclides with half-lives complementary with their biological properties. As a result, the production and radiochemistry of radiometals such as Zr, Y, In, Ga and Cu have been investigated as radionuclide labels for biomolecules since they have the potential to combine their favorable decay characteristics with the biological characteristics of the targeting molecule to become a useful radiopharmaceutical (Tables ​(Tables11 and ​and22).2 Table 1 Gamma- and Beta-Emitting Radiometals Table 2 Positron-Emitting Radiometals The number of papers published describing the production or use of these radiometals continues to expand rapidly, and in recognition of this fact, the authors have attempted to present a comprehensive review of this literature as it relates to the production, ligand development and radiopharmaceutical applications of radiometals (excluding 99mTc) since 1999. While numerous reviews have appeared describing certain aspects of the production, coordination chemistry or application of these radiometals,2-18 very few exhaustive reviews have been published.10,12 Additionally, this review has been written to be used as an individual resource or as a companion resource to the review written by Anderson and Welch in 1999.12 Together, they provide a literature survey spanning 50 years of scientific discovery. To accomplish this goal, this review has been organized into three sections: the first section discusses the coordination chemistry of the metal ions Zr, Y, In, Ga and Cu and their chelators in the context of radiopharmaceutical development; the second section describes the methods used to produce Zr, Y, In, Ga and Cu radioisotopes; and the final section describes the application of these radiometals in diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy.

768 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper examines an agent- based approach and its applications in different modes of transportation, including roadway, railway, and air transportation, and addresses some critical issues in developing agent-based traffic control and management systems, such as interoperability, flexibility, and extendibility.
Abstract: The agent computing paradigm is rapidly emerging as one of the powerful technologies for the development of large-scale distributed systems to deal with the uncertainty in a dynamic environment. The domain of traffic and transportation systems is well suited for an agent-based approach because transportation systems are usually geographically distributed in dynamic changing environments. Our literature survey shows that the techniques and methods resulting from the field of agent and multiagent systems have been applied to many aspects of traffic and transportation systems, including modeling and simulation, dynamic routing and congestion management, and intelligent traffic control. This paper examines an agent-based approach and its applications in different modes of transportation, including roadway, railway, and air transportation. This paper also addresses some critical issues in developing agent-based traffic control and management systems, such as interoperability, flexibility, and extendibility. Finally, several future research directions toward the successful deployment of agent technology in traffic and transportation systems are discussed.

590 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper describes industrial aspects of combined inventory management and routing in maritime and road-based transportation, and gives a classification and comprehensive literature review of the current state of the research.

471 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Creatinine, urea, uric acid and electrolytes are makers for routine analysis whereas several studies have confirmed and consolidated the usefulness of markers such as cystatin C and β-Trace Protein.
Abstract: The markers of renal function test assess the normal functioning of kidneys. These markers may be radioactive and non radioactive. They indicate the glomerular filtration rate, concentrating and diluting capacity of kidneys (tubular function). If there is an increase or decrease in the valves of these markers it indicates dysfunction of kidney. Aim: The aim of this review is to compare and analyze the present and newer markers of renal function tests which help in diagnosis of clinical disorders. Material & Methods: An extensive literature survey was done aiming to compare and compile renal function tests makers required in diagnosis of diseases. Results: Creatinine, urea, uric acid and electrolytes are makers for routine analysis whereas several studies have confirmed and consolidated the usefulness of markers such as cystatin C and β-Trace Protein. Conclusion: We conclude that further investigation is necessary to define these biomarkers in terms of usefulness in assessing renal function.

395 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The second collection of commercially available serum-free media in an updated, freely accessible interactive online database is presented to create a platform for the interactive exchange of information and experience by experts in the field in order to continuously improve and extend the serum- free online database.
Abstract: Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a ubiquitously used essential supplement in cell culture media. However, there are serious scientific and ethical concerns about the use of FBS regarding its harvest and production. During the last three decades, FBS could be substituted by other supplements or by the use of defined chemical components in serum-free cell culture. A number of serum-free medium formulations have been described for mammalian and insect cell lines as well as for primary cultures. However, the switch to serum-free media still demands a time-consuming literature survey and a manufacturer search for appropriate medium formulations, respectively. Here we present the second collection of commercially available serum-free media in an updated, freely accessible interactive online database. Searches for serum-free media and continuous cell lines already adapted to serum-free culture can be performed according to various criteria. These include the degree of chemical definition, e.g. serum-free (SF), animal-derived component free (ADCF) or chemically defined (CD), and the type of medium, e.g. basal media, medium supplements, or full replacement media. In order to specify the cell lines that are adapted to serum-free media, search terms like species, organ, tissue, cell type and disease can be used. All commercially available serum-free media and adapted cell lines currently available from major distributors (e.g. ATCC, ECACC and DMSZ) are included in the database. Despite an extensive search for serum-free media and adapted cell lines, detailed information from certain companies and suppliers is still lacking and is specifically highlighted. It is intended to create a platform for the interactive exchange of information and experience by experts in the field in order to continuously improve and extend the serum-free online database. The database is accessible at http://www.goodcellculture.com/

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The purpose of this paper is to describe industrial aspects of combined fleet composition and routing in maritime and road-based transportation, and to present the current status of research in the form of a comprehensive literature review.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the current state of traceability research and practice in requirements engineering and model-driven developers is provided, identifying commonalities and differences in these areas and uncover several unresolved challenges which affect both domains.
Abstract: Traceability--the ability to follow the life of software artifacts--is a topic of great interest to software developers in general, and to requirements engineers and model-driven developers in particular. This article aims to bring those stakeholders together by providing an overview of the current state of traceability research and practice in both areas. As part of an extensive literature survey, we identify commonalities and differences in these areas and uncover several unresolved challenges which affect both domains. A good common foundation for further advances regarding these challenges appears to be a combination of the formal basis and the automated recording opportunities of MDD on the one hand, and the more holistic view of traceability in the requirements engineering domain on the other hand.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was found that roads often, but not always, decrease the genetic diversity of affected populations due to reduced population size and genetic drift, which stresses the importance of defragmentation measures such as over- and underpasses or wildlife bridges across roads.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that both climate change and alien species will ultimately lead to the creation of novel communities, and certain interactions may no longer occur while there will also be potential for the emergence of new relationships.
Abstract: Global change may substantially affect biodiversity and ecosystem functioning but little is known about its effects on essential biotic interactions. Since different environmental drivers rarely act in isolation it is important to consider interactive effects. Here, we focus on how two key drivers of anthropogenic environmental change, climate change and the introduction of alien species, affect plant-pollinator interactions. Based on a literature survey we identify climatically sensitive aspects of species interactions, assess potential effects of climate change on these mechanisms, and derive hypotheses that may form the basis of future research. We find that both climate change and alien species will ultimately lead to the creation of novel communities. In these communities certain interactions may no longer occur while there will also be potential for the emergence of new relationships. Alien species can both partly compensate for the often negative effects of climate change but also amplify them in some cases. Since potential positive effects are often restricted to generalist interactions among species, climate change and alien species in combination can result in significant threats to more specialist interactions involving native species.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The various assumptions, constraints, and solution methods used in the literature on SBRP are summarized and a list of issues requiring further research is presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A focused literature survey on recent neural network developments in computer-aided diagnosis, medical image segmentation and edge detection towards visual content analysis, and medical image registration for its pre-processing and post-processing is provided to increase awareness of how neural networks can be applied to these areas.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a literature survey on liquid phase adsorption of selected heavy metals including Cu(II), Zn, Ni, Ni(II) and Cr(VI) on chitosan (CTS) and its derivatives was made from the viewpoint of adaption capacity, which was obtained from the Langmuir fit of isotherm data.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have discussed various aspects related to cavitation in hydro turbines, different causes for the declined performance and efficiency of the hydro turbines and suitable remedial measures suggested by various investigators have been discussed.
Abstract: Reaction turbines basically Francis turbines and propeller/Kaplan turbines are suitable for medium and low head hydropower sites. The management of the small hydropower plants is an important factor, for achieving higher efficiency of hydro turbines with time. Turbines show declined performance after few years of operation, as they get severely damaged due to various reasons. One of the important reasons is erosive wear of the turbines due to cavitation. Reaction turbines, however are more prone to cavitation especially Francis turbines where a zone in the operating range is seriously affected by cavitation and considered as forbidden zone. Cavitation is a phenomenon which manifests itself in the pitting of the metallic surfaces of turbine parts because of the formation of cavities. In the present paper, studies undertaken in this field by several investigators have been discussed extensively. Based on literature survey various aspects related to cavitation in hydro turbines, different causes for the declined performance and efficiency of the hydro turbines and suitable remedial measures suggested by various investigators have been discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an extensive literature survey over past 25 years on the different aspects of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) is presented, which can be used to evaluate the performance of DIGs.
Abstract: Adjustable speed induction generators, especially the doubly fed induction generators (DFIG), are becoming increasingly popular due to their various advantages over fixed speed generator systems. A DFIG in a wind turbine has the ability to generate maximum power with varying rotational speed, ability to control active and reactive power by the integration of electronic power converters such as the back-to-back converter, low rotor power rating resulting in low cost converter components, and so on. This study presents an extensive literature survey over past 25 years on the different aspects of DFIG.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The essential work of fracture (EWF) concept has become very popular to characterize the plane stress toughness of ductile polymers and related systems as mentioned in this paper, due to the simple specimens' preparation, easy testing and simple data reduction procedure.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 2010-Toxicon
TL;DR: The observations suggest that CFP events are driven more by inherent differences in species toxicity than by environmental modulation, which may affect the development of an early warning system for CFP.

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The goal of this chapter is to review latest research in the context of audio feature extraction and to give an application-independent overview of the most important existing techniques, and to propose a novel taxonomy for the organization of audio features.
Abstract: Today, a large number of audio features exists in audio retrieval for different purposes, such as automatic speech recognition, music information retrieval, audio segmentation, and environmental sound retrieval. The goal of this chapter is to review latest research in the context of audio feature extraction and to give an application-independent overview of the most important existing techniques. We survey state-of-the-art features from various domains and propose a novel taxonomy for the organization of audio features. Additionally, we identify the building blocks of audio features and propose a scheme that allows for the description of arbitrary features. We present an extensive literature survey and provide more than 200 references to relevant high-quality publications.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is evident from a literature survey of about 191 recently published papers that low-cost adsorbents have demonstrated outstanding removal capabilities for pesticides.
Abstract: In this review article, the use of various low-cost adsorbents for the removal of pesticides from water and wastewater has been reviewed. Pesticides may appear as pollutants in water sources, having undesirable impacts to human health because of their toxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity or causing aesthetic problems such as taste and odors. These pesticides pollute the water stream and it can be removed very effectively using different low-cost adsorbents. It is evident from a literature survey of about 191 recently published papers that low-cost adsorbents have demonstrated outstanding removal capabilities for pesticides.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is expected that stover yield of Corn Belt hybrids will continue to increase along with grain yield, resulting in future hybrids capable of producing both more food and biofeedstock for energy production.
Abstract: The use of maize (Zea mays L.) stover as a feed-stock for cellulosic biofuels production will create demand for maize hybrids with greater stover yield. It is expected that grain yield will remain the most critical trait and continue to drive hybrid sales, requiring that any increases in stover yield be made without sacrificing grain yield potential. The objective of this review was to determine the relationship between grain yield, harvest index, and stover yield to illuminate the potential for increasing both grain and stover yield through breeding. In contrast to what has been observed in other crops, gains in maize grain yield over time in the U.S. Corn Belt have been accompanied by increases in stover yield. Where recurrent selection on grain yield has been most successful, stover yield also increased while harvest index has been relatively stable. The opposite situation has been observed in tropical germplasm, where gains in grain yield have been associated with increasing harvest index and relatively constant biomass yield. We expect that stover yield of Corn Belt hybrids will continue to increase along with grain yield, resulting in future hybrids capable of producing both more food and biofeedstock for energy production. If maize breeders pursue selection for increased stover yield, we found no evidence to suggest that breeding for stover yield will necessarily reduce rate of gain in grain yield.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A state of the art review of coconut-based biosorbents used for water pollution control is presented, highlighting and discussing key advancement on the preparation of novel adsorbents utilizing coconut wastes, its major challenges together with the future prospective.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is indicated that most of the studies in the literature are application-based papers which use typically the independence axiom, and a rise in the fuzzy evaluation based research studies using the information axiom for multi-attribute decision making problems has been noticed.
Abstract: Although there have been quite a number of theoretical and practical studies where axiomatic design (AD) principles have been used in the last few years, there is a lack of a comprehensive literature survey which evaluates and classifies these papers. This study provides a recognizable overview of literature on AD principles from the past 20 years and introduces a novel classification scheme covering 63 papers. Each article was classified into four main groups, namely the type of the axiom, the application area, the method, and the evaluation type. Findings of our paper indicate that most of the studies in the literature are application-based papers which use typically the independence axiom. While product design is put forward in the application area, the crisp approach is widely used as an evaluation type. A rise in the fuzzy evaluation based research studies using the information axiom for multi-attribute decision making problems has also been noticed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is a need for a major collaborative programme to examine natural adaptation to climatic variation in freshwater species; identify where existing environmental practice may be insufficient; review the fitness of monitoring networks to detect change; translate existing knowledge into guidance; and implement best practice within existing regulatory frameworks.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A literature survey of computer aided fixture design and automation over the past decade is proposed and significant works done, including their approaches, requirements and working principles are discussed.
Abstract: Widely used in manufacturing, fixtures have a direct impact upon product manufacturing quality, productivity and cost, so much attention has already been paid to the research of computer aided fixture design (CAFD) and many achievements in this field have been reported. In this paper, a literature survey of computer aided fixture design and automation over the past decade is proposed. First, an introduction is given on the fixture applications in industry. Then, significant works done in the CAFD field, including their approaches, requirements and working principles are discussed. Finally, some prospective research trends are also discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the antibacterial activity of interventions applied on poultry carcasses was evaluated and the results showed that hot water, steam, electrolyzed water (EW), and irradiation effectively reduced the bacterial load.