Literature survey

About: Literature survey is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15372 publications have been published within this topic receiving 459196 citations.

A Survey on Cooperative Longitudinal Motion Control of Multiple Connected and Automated Vehicles

Abstract: Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have the potential to address a number of safety, mobility, and sustainability issues of our current transportation systems. Cooperative longitudinal motion control is one of the key CAV technologies that allows vehicles to be driven in a cooperative manner to achieve system-wide benefits. In this paper, we provide a literature survey on the progress accomplished by researchers worldwide regarding cooperative longitudinal motion control systems of multiple CAVs. Specifically, the architecture of various cooperative CAV systems is reviewed to answer how cooperative longitudinal motion control can work with the help of multiple system modules. Next, different operational concepts of cooperative longitudinal motion control applications are reviewed to answer where they can be implemented in today's transportation systems . Different cooperative longitudinal motion control methodologies and their major characteristics are then described to answer what the critical design issues are . This paper concludes by describing an overall landscape of cooperative longitudinal motion control of CAVs, as well as pointing out opportunities and challenges in the future research and experimental implementations.

Carbon dioxide compensation—its relation to photosynthetic carboxylation reactions, systematics of the Gramineae, and leaf anatomy

Abstract: The carbon dioxide compensation concentration of members of the Gramineae and a few other plants was determined with an infrared CO2 analyzer. These results were then considered in relation to the new photosynthetic carboxylation pathway proposed by Hatch et al., rates of photosynthesis, grass systematics, leaf anatomy, and distribution of starch in the leaf. Plants possessing the new carboxylation pathway had low compensation values whereas those having the Calvin carboxylation reaction had high values. Low compensation plants also had a well-developed parenchyma bundle sheath containing a high concentration of chloroplasts which accumulated large amounts of starch. Little or no starch was present in the mesophyll cells. Cyperus was exceptional in that it also formed appreciable starch in the mesophyll. Those low compensation members of the Gramineae tested belonged either to the chloridoid–eragrostoid or the panicoid lines of evolution. A literature survey indicated that low compensation grasses have ph...

A review on benchmarking of supply chain performance measures

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to redress the imbalances in the past literature of supply chain benchmarking and enhance data envelopment analysis (DEA) modeling approach in supply chain benchmarking.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is sorted into sections: benchmarking, definitions, concepts and literature survey, supply chain benchmarking, problems in supply chain benchmarking, existing tools used in benchmarking, problems in existing tools and motivation of using DEA as a supply chain benchmarking tool. A range of recently published (1995‐2004) works is referred and aims to provide insights into possible new research focus in supply chain benchmarking.Findings – Provides information about new trends in supply chain benchmarking and what are the existing problems. Recognizes the lack of mathematical modeling tool in addressing this issue.Research limitations/implications – Supply chain benchmarking is gearing towards a holistic approach. DEA is deemed to be an appropriate benchmarking too...

The Cleistogamous Breeding System: A Review of Its Frequency, Evolution, and Ecology in Angiosperms

Abstract: Cleistogamy, a breeding system in which permanently closed, self-pollinated flowers are produced, has received increasing attention in recent years, but the last comprehensive review of this system was over 20 years ago. The goal of this paper is to clarify the different types of cleistogamy, quantify the number of families, genera, and species in which cleistogamy occurs, and estimate the number of times and potential reasons why cleistogamy has evolved within angiosperms. Cleistogamous species were identified through a literature survey using 13 online databases with references dating back to 1914; only those species well-supported by floral descriptions or empirical data were included in the data set. On the basis of this survey, we suggest the use of three different categories of cleistogamy in future studies: dimorphic, complete, and induced. Based on these categories, cleistogamy in general is present in 693 angiosperm species, distributed over 228 genera and 50 families. When analyzed on a family level across the angiosperms, the breeding system has evolved approximately 34 to 41 times. Theoretical investigations indicate that the evolution of cleistogamy in taxa may be influenced by the presence of heterogeneous environments, inbreeding depression and geitonogamy, and differential seed dispersal, as well as by various ecological factors and plant size. Cleistogamy will undoubtedly be discovered in additional species as the reproductive biology of more taxa is examined in the future. Such information will be invaluable for understanding the selective pressures and factors favoring the evolution of cleistogamy as well as the evolutionary loss of this breeding system, a subject that has received little attention to date.