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Literature survey

About: Literature survey is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15372 publications have been published within this topic receiving 459196 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of an extensive literature survey of the Simulated Annealing algorithm for optimization problems are reported, with particular reference to the type of cooling schedule employed.
Abstract: SYNOPTIC ABSTRACTThe results of an extensive literature survey of the Simulated Annealing algorithm for optimization problems are reported. The papers and books are classified and annotated, with particular reference to the type of cooling schedule employed.

211 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of silt erosion on the performance and efficiency of the turbine runners of a hydro turbine has been discussed, which depends upon different parameters such as silt size, hardness and concentration, velocity of water, and base material properties.
Abstract: Erosive wear of hydro turbine runners is a complex phenomenon, which depends upon different parameters such as silt size, hardness and concentration, velocity of water, and base material properties. The efficiency of the turbine decreases with the increase in the erosive wear and final breakdown of hydro turbines. Various researchers have conducted experiments to study the effect of these parameters on erosive wear, but most of these experiments are on small-size samples in different types of test rigs to simulate the flow conditions in the turbine, but actual flow conditions and the phenomenon of erosive wear are too complex to simulate. In the present paper, studies undertaken in this field by several investigators have been discussed extensively. Based on literature survey various aspects related to silt erosion in hydro turbines, different causes for the declined performance and efficiency of the hydro turbines and suitable remedial measures suggested by various investigators have been discussed.

211 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A literature survey on the use of dielectric fluids that provide an alternative to hydrocarbon oil is presented in this article, where water-based dielectrics may replace oil-based fluids in die sink applications.

210 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper found that mature students are more motivated by intrinsic goals than younger students, and that younger students acquire a surface approach to learning in the final years of secondary education, while mature students promote a deep approach towards studying in higher education.
Abstract: Although mature students are often said to be deficient in study skills, most research into approaches to studying in higher education has ignored age as an important explanatory variable. There is nevertheless a consistent suggestion in research using inventories and questionnaires on study processes that mature students exhibit more desirable approaches to academic learning. In particular, mature students seem to be more likely than younger students to adopt a deep approach or a meaning orientation, and conversely they seem to be less likely to adopt a surface approach or a reproducing orientation towards their academic work. Three explanations for this are: that mature students are more motivated by intrinsic goals; that younger students acquire a surface approach to learning in the final years of secondary education; and that the prior life experience of mature students promotes a deep approach towards studying in higher education.

210 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A literature survey was made for the occurrence of C, and C, photosynthetic pathways in the United States Gramineae using data for 6 subfamilies including 25 tribes, 138 genera, and 632 species.
Abstract: A literature survey was made for the occurrence of C, and C, photosynthetic pathways in the United States Gramineae. Distinctive characteristics of the two photosynthetic pathways are discussed. Leaf anatomy, CO, compensation point, net enhancement of photosynthesis in oxygen-deficient atmosphere, QC discrimination, and initial product labeling were criteria selected to evaluate data for 6 subfamilies including 25 tribes, 138 genera, and 632 species. The Arundinoideae, Bambusoideae, Oryzoideae, and Pooideae (Festucoideae) are composed of species with C, pathways. All tribes within the Eragrostoideae have C, pathways with the exception of Unioleae. Within the Panicoideae, the Andropogoneae and all of the Paniceae, excepting the genera Sacciolepus, Isachne, Oplismenus, Amphicatpum, and Panicum, have C, pathways. The subgenus Dichanthelium within Panicum is C, while the Bupanicum subgenus contains plants with both C, and C, photosynthetic pathways. Plant productivity is dependent on several environmental and biological factors. The most important single factor is photosynthesis. A pathway for carbon dioxide (CO;?) fixation was described by Calvin and Bassham (1962) in which CO2 was incorporated into a 6-carbon compound and rapidly converted to a 3-carbon compound, 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3PGA). Previous to discoveries of Kortschalk et al. (1965) and Hatch and Slack (1966), the Calvin cycle (C,, reductive pentose pathway) was considered the major photosynthetic mechanism for carbon (C) fixation. However, Hatch and Slack (1966) described CO;! fixation in which labeled CO;! was first incorporated in 4-carbon compounds (malic, aspartic , or oxaloacetic acid) prior to transfer to sugars by way of 3-phosphoglycerate. The proposed mechanism involved the operation of two interconnected metabolic cycles. Downton (1970) described carbon fixation into Cd-dicarboxylic acids in mesophyll cells and subsequent incorporation into the Calvin cycle located in the bundle sheath cells. Plants (Cd plants) possessing the 4-carbon pathway (also called Cd, dicarboxylic acid, Kranz type, low CO;! compensation, tropical, Hatch and Slack, or p carboxylation pathway) were of tropical ongm and more efficient. They produced two- to threefold more dry matter than plants possessing the 3-carbon pathway (C, plants), especially in relatively sunny, warm, dry climates (Black 197 1). Distinctive characteristics associated with the Ca pathway prompted intensive research in photosynthetic processes of flowering plants. The most important photosynthetic pathways

210 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202239
2021987
2020987
2019816
2018799
2017870