Topic
Literature survey
About: Literature survey is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15372 publications have been published within this topic receiving 459196 citations.
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07 Jan 2013
TL;DR: A literature survey of crowd sourcing research, focusing on top journals and conferences in the Information Systems field, and shows how existing IS literature applies to the elements of that conceptual model: Problem, People, Individual, and Crowd, Governance, Process, Technology, and Outcome.
Abstract: Crowd sourcing is a collaboration model enabled by people-centric web technologies to solve individual, organizational, and societal problems using a dynamically formed crowd of people who respond to an open call for participation. We report on a literature survey of crowd sourcing research, focusing on top journals and conferences in the Information Systems (IS) field. To our knowledge, ours is the first effort of this type in the IS discipline. Contributions include providing a synopsis of crowd sourcing research to date, a common definition for crowd sourcing, and a conceptual model for guiding future studies of crowd sourcing. We show how existing IS literature applies to the elements of that conceptual model: Problem, People (Problem Owner, Individual, and Crowd), Governance, Process, Technology, and Outcome. We close with suggestions for future research.
202 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative impact of both of these factors, and their interactions, on periphyton biomass were examined in a quantitative meta-analysis, and two measures of effect sizes were calculated for each experiment, one based on final biomass yields (Hedges' d) and the other on rates (Δr).
Abstract: Nutrient supply and herbivore presence can regulate plant biomass. The relative impact of both of these factors, and their interactions, on periphyton biomass were examined in a quantitative meta-analysis. A literature survey revealed 85 experiments with factorial and replicated manipulation of grazer access and nutrient supply. Two measures of effect sizes were calculated for each experiment, one based on final biomass yields (Hedges’ d) and the other on rates (Δr). Grazers significantly reduced periphyton biomass across all experiments, whereas nutrient addition significantly increased periphyton biomass. Effect sizes were very large for both factors. Thus, periphyton can be viewed as highly controlled by top-down and bottom-up mechanisms. Grazer effects were greater than nutrient effects. This result would be expected because nutrient enrichment represents a relative relief from nutrient limitation, whereas grazer exclusion represents a categorical removal of grazing pressure. Moreover, nutrien...
202 citations
TL;DR: It is revealed that adsorption capacity of cross-linked chitosan based materials have been enhanced in recently published works either by grafting, incorporation of solid adsorbents or combination of both prior to cross-linking.
202 citations
TL;DR: Simulation results showed that fitted coefficient estimates from simulated data sets appeared accurate, as well as fitted rates of VFA production, although the model accounted for only a small fraction (maximally 45%) of the variation in VFA molar proportions.
202 citations
TL;DR: This work critically assessed existing knowledge and research on the uptake of nickel by various adsorbents such as activated carbon, non-conventional low-cost materials, nanomaterials, composites and nanocomposites to assemble the scattered available enlightenment on a wide range of potentially effective adsorbent for nickel(II) ions removal.
202 citations