Topic
Locoweed
About: Locoweed is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 241 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5158 citations. The topic is also known as: locoweed poisoning.
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TL;DR: In this article, the indolizidine alkaloids swainsonine and noxide have been identified as constituents of spotted locoweed and the inhibition of lysosomal α-mannosidase by these alkaloid compounds has been investigated.
Abstract: The indolizidine alkaloids swainsonine and swainsonine N-oxide have been isolated and identified as constituents of spotted locoweed. The inhibition of lysosomal α-mannosidase by these alkaloids su...
389 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is presented to suggest that swainsonine is a reversible active site-directed inhibitor of lysosomal alpha-mannosidase.
Abstract: An indolizidine alkaloid (swainsonine) was isolated from the plant Swainsona canescens. Swainsonine is a specific and potent inhibitor of alpha-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.24) and when administered to animals produces a phenocopy of the genetically based lysosomal storage disease, mannosidosis. Evidence is presented to suggest that swainsonine is a reversible active site-directed inhibitor of lysosomal alpha-mannosidase.
346 citations
TL;DR: The structure of an alkaloid isolated from Rhizoctonia leguminicola, which was previously assigned as 3,4.5-trihydroxy octahydro-1-pyrindine, has now been revised to (1S,2R,8R, 8aR)-1,2,8-trihedroxyoctahydronindolizine as discussed by the authors.
161 citations
TL;DR: Morphological evidence and sequence analysis of the ITS region suggest that the endophytes are most closely related to Embellisia, however, with the paucity of Embell isia species represented in sequence databases, precise taxonomic placement will await further study.
154 citations
TL;DR: Individual plant variability was found to be highly significant for both O. sericea and O. lambertii populations, and both populations found to contain higher swainsonine levels were restricted to the most southern and western portion of its distribution.
Abstract: An analytical method has been developed to measure the locoweed toxin, swainsonine, in locoweed plant material Dry ground plant samples were extracted using a small-scale liquid/liquid extraction procedure followed by isolation of the swainsonine by solid phase extraction with a cation-exchange resin Detection and quantitation of the swainsonine were accomplished using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS(2)) The limit of quantitation was estimated to be 0001% swainsonine by weight in dry plant material, which corresponds to the lower threshold for toxicity of locoweeds The method of analysis was applied to the analysis of Oxytropis sericea (white locoweed) and Oxytropis lambertii (Lambert locoweed) plant samples to measure the variability of individual plant swainsonine levels within populations and within species Individual plant variability was found to be highly significant for both O sericea and O lambertii populations The combined three-year mean swainsonine values taken from three populations of O sericea ranged from 0046% in Utah to 0097% in a New Mexico population Sixteen individual populations of O lambertii were sampled from eight different US states Swainsonine was detected at levels >0001% in only 5 of the 16 collection sites Those populations of O lambertii found to contain higher swainsonine levels were restricted to the most southern and western portion of its distribution, and all were identified as belonging to var bigelovii, whereas var articulata and var lambertii samples contained swainsonine at levels <0001%
131 citations