Topic
Longitude
About: Longitude is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2260 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54988 citations. The topic is also known as: angle of longitude.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the altitude dependence of the intensity of geomagnetically trapped radiation as measured with Explorer I (satellite 1958a) is given for a number of geographic locations, and all intensity data in the vicinity of the magnetic dip equator and over the full range of longitude and of altitude can be represented satisfactorily by a single function of the scalar magnetic field intensity.
Abstract: The altitude dependence (360 to 2090 km) of the intensity of geomagnetically trapped radiation as measured with Explorer I (satellite 1958a) is given for a number of geographic locations. It is found that all intensity data in the vicinity of the magnetic dip equator and over the full range of longitude and of altitude can be represented satisfactorily by a single function of the scalar magnetic field intensity B. The value of B at the lower boundary of the inner zone of trapped radiation is a monotonically increasing function of magnetic dip latitude; such data from all available geographic locations are well represented by a single curve.
59 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used AAFC-WG, a stochastic weather generator developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), to develop daily climate scenarios for the time period 2040-2069 for the agricultural regions of Canada, based on 4 climate change simulations conducted by global climate models CGCM3, HadCM3, ECHAM5/MPI-OM and CSIRO-Mk3.
Abstract: Stochastic weather generators are widely used for developing local climate scenarios from large-scale climate change scenarios simulated by GCMs. We used AAFC-WG, a stochastic weather generator developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), to develop daily climate scenarios for the time period 2040-2069 for the agricultural regions of Canada, based on 4 climate change simulations conducted by global climate models CGCM3, HadCM3, ECHAM5/MPI-OM and CSIRO-Mk3.5. Annual and growing season (1 May to 30 September) extreme daily values of maxi- mum temperature, minimum temperature and precipitation were estimated from these scenarios on fine grids (0.5° latitude × 0.5° longitude) and from direct daily global climate model (GCM) outputs on coarse grids (~2.8° latitude × 2.8° longitude for CGCM3, 2.5° latitude × 3.75° longitude for HadCM3, and ~1.865° latitude × 1.875° longitude for ECHAM5/MPI-OM and CSIRO-Mk3.5). Compared with the corresponding values from direct GCM outputs, the extremes from daily climate scenarios gener- ated by the AAFC-WG provided more detail at the finer spatial scale. Although the spatial patterns of the changes in climate extremes were often similar, actual values of the extremes from localized scenarios may be more reliable than those from direct GCM outputs since climate extremes under the present climate were not often realistically reproduced by the GCMs studied here. It is understood that the actual values are important as they provide the basis for climate change impact studies and the development of adaptation strategies.
59 citations
TL;DR: The mean latitude at which surface depressions cross a given longitude in the N.E. Atlantic/N.W. Europe sector during the winter months of the year has been found to show a solar cycle dependence over the last five cycles.
59 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the column density of hydrocarbons above the altitude of the FUV auroral emission was analyzed to determine column density above the IUE spectra of the north Jovian aurora, and it was found that the hydrocarbon column density exhibited a consistent dependence on magnetic longitude, with peak density occurring approximately coincident with the peak in the observed auroral intensity.
Abstract: The wavelength-dependent absorption apparent in IUE spectra of the north Jovian aurora is analyzed to determine the column density of hydrocarbons above the altitude of the FUV auroral emission. Both the magnetotail and torus auroral zone models are considered in estimating zenith angles, with very similar results obtained for both models. It is found that the hydrocarbon column density above the FUV emission displays a consistent dependence on magnetic longitude, with the peak density occurring approximately coincident with the peak in the observed auroral intensity. Two distinct scenarios for the longitude dependence of the column density are discussed. In one, the Jovian upper atmosphere is longitudinally homogeneous, and the variation in optical depth is due to a variation in penetration, and thus energy, of the primary particles. In the other, the energy of the primaries is longitudinally homogeneous, and it is aeronomic properties which change, probably due to auroral heating.
59 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the time development of phase irregularities as a function of latitude and longitude of individual storms and concluded that the irregularities that are noted on trans-ionosphericpaths are therefore thought to be in both the E and the F layers with a combination of structured hard and soft electron precipitation and coupling initiating the turbulent activity.
59 citations