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Low protein
About: Low protein is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8139 publications have been published within this topic receiving 213225 citations.
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TL;DR: Data from nitrogen balance studies in young men and elderly women were analyzed for the pattern of urinary nitrogen excretion after the subjects had changed from an adequate to an essentially protein-free diet, suggesting that a single-pool model describes the adaptive decline in urinaryNitrogen excretion under these dietary conditions.
67 citations
TL;DR: The points system provides a useful starting point for designing improved experimental paradigms for the manipulation of dietary intake in future trials, and allowed macronutrient manipulations without compromising dietary flexibility or enforcing energy restrictions.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the development and implementation of a multifaceted, low-fat, weight-loss strategy for a Pan-European randomized controlled dietary intervention study, Diogenes. There were 891 families with at least one overweight/obese parent who underwent screening. Eligible, overweight/obese adults followed an 8-week weight-loss phase with a fixed low-energy diet (800 kcal). On attaining weight loss of > or = 8%, families were randomized to a 6- or 12-month low-fat (25-30%E) diet either based on national dietary guidelines or one of four interventions: low protein (LP)/low glycaemic index (LGI), LP/high GI (HGI), high protein (HP)/LGI and HP/HGI. The impact of each diet in preventing weight (re)gain was tested. A points-based system was used to manipulate dietary protein and carbohydrate. Manipulating carbohydrate composition involved substituting foods with a relatively high or low GI. A questionnaire was designed and completed by study investigators, providing feedback on the dietary intervention methods used to inform future interventions. The points system allowed macronutrient manipulations without compromising dietary flexibility or enforcing energy restrictions. Reported centre/participant differences in the ease of implementing the intervention may reflect dietary diversity and personal preferences for specific weight-management strategies. The points system provides a useful starting point for designing improved experimental paradigms for the manipulation of dietary intake in future trials.
67 citations
TL;DR: High yielding expression systems that efficiently incorporate a cyclopropene derivative of lysine into antibodies through genetic‐code expansion are described, demonstrating that CypK is a minimal bioorthogonal handle for the rapid production of stable therapeutic protein conjugates.
Abstract: Homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), generated by site-specific toxin linkage, show improved therapeutic indices with respect to traditional ADCs. However, current methods to produce site-specific conjugates suffer from low protein expression, slow reaction kinetics, and low yields, or are limited to particular conjugation sites. Here we describe high yielding expression systems that efficiently incorporate a cyclopropene derivative of lysine (CypK) into antibodies through genetic-code expansion. We express trastuzumab bearing CypK and conjugate tetrazine derivatives to the antibody. We show that the dihydropyridazine linkage resulting from the conjugation reaction is stable in serum, and generate an ADC bearing monomethyl auristatin E that selectively kills cells expressing a high level of HER2. Our results demonstrate that CypK is a minimal bioorthogonal handle for the rapid production of stable therapeutic protein conjugates.
67 citations
TL;DR: A very low translation rate and a very low RNA replication rate may play a role in escaping to host cell defenses, allowing the virus to grow in a quiescent way and explain the high specific infectivity of HAV in spite of its naturally deoptimized codon usage.
67 citations
TL;DR: A number of important questions related to physiological condition, species under study and the form and amount of the supplements need to be addressed before the full benefits of glutamine and glutamate supplementation in domestic animal production can be realized.
67 citations