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Low protein

About: Low protein is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8139 publications have been published within this topic receiving 213225 citations.


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TL;DR: The equilibrium denaturation and unfolding kinetics of the domains VL and VH have been compared with those of the Fv and single‐chain Fv fragment of an engineered variant of the antibody McPC603 in the presence and absence of the antigen phosphorylcholine, suggesting the enormous importance of mutual domain stabilization in engineering stable antibodies.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that trout preferred a casein-rich balanced amino acid diet regardless of its dietary protein level to a gelatin-rich imbalanced diet or a protein-free diet.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigation of the possible use of BUN levels as an indicator of recent nutritional status of deer to determine the effect of known levels of energy and protein intake on BUN concentration found it to be of use as an index of recently nutritional status.
Abstract: Nineteen female white-tailed deer fawns (Odocoileus virginianus) were used in a 2 X 2 factorial experiment to determine the effect of 2 levels of energy and 2 levels of protein on food consumption, weight gains, and blood urea nitrogen over a 20-week period beginning when the animals were 3.5 months of age. The 2 levels of ration-digestible energy averaged 2,498 and 3,064 kcal/kg. The 2 levels of protein averaged 9.6 and 18.2 percent. Food consumption tended to be greater in animals on low energy diets but decreased in all treatment groups from November through February. Weight gains were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in animals on high protein diets, but no significant difference was found due to energy. Weight gains decreased significantly (P < 0.01) from the 8th through the 20th week of the experiment. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was significantly greater (P < 0.01) in fawns receiving high protein diets than in those receiving low protein. Conversely, fawns on high energy intakes had significantly lower (P < 0.01) BUN than those on low energy intakes. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 39(4):692-698 For several years wildlife biologists have sought indices which would correlate well with the recent nutritional status of deer (Odocoileus spp.) and thus would be useful for evaluating trends in habitat conditions. Bone marrow fat, antler development, rumen content analysis, abomasal parasite counts, and many different hematological characteristics have been examined by various authors. None has proven entirely satisfactory, and it is anticipated that as deer management becomes more intensive the need for good indices of deer and habitat conditions will increase. Recent work on BUN in both domestic and wild species has indicated that this easily-measured characteristic might be of use as an index of recent nutritional status. Torell et al. (1974) and Blowey et al. (1973) have shown that BUN levels can be used as indicators of protein intake in domestic sheep and cattle, respectively. Seal et al. (1972b) suggested that BUN levels also might be useful as an index of recent nutritional status of pregnant white-tailed deer and presented limited data to substantiate this. Further, work by Seal et al. (1972a) on white-tailed deer and Franzmann (1972) on bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) has shown that BUN levels are not readily affected by the excitement of restraint or immobilization with certain drugs. The present study was conducted to investigate further the possible use of BUN as an indicator of recent nutritional status of deer. More specifically, the study was to determine the effect of known levels of energy and protein intake on BUN concentration 692 J. Wildl. Manage. 39(4):1975 This content downloaded from 157.55.39.179 on Tue, 12 Apr 2016 10:12:35 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms BLOOD UREA NITROGEN OF DEER FAWNS ? Kirkpatrick et al. 693 Table 1. Ingredient composition of pelleted experimental

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The epithelial secretion rate of amylase and trypsin was about 20% of the amount of enzyme present in the ventricular lumen, which, considering the efficient counter-current recycling of enzymes, suggests that the secretion rate is adequate to replace egested enzymes.
Abstract: There is a basal level of enzyme activity for trypsin, aminopeptidase, amylase, and lipase in the gut of unfed larval (L6) Spodoptera frugiperda. Trypsin activity does not decrease with non-feeding, possibly because of the low protein levels in plants along with high amino acid requirements for growth and storage (for later reproduction in adults). Therefore, trypsin must always be present so that only a minimal protein loss via egestion occurs. Larvae, however, adjust amylase activity to carbohydrate ingestion, and indeed amylase activity is five-fold higher in fed larvae compared to unfed larvae. Gut lipase activity is low, typical of insects with a high carbohydrate diet. A flat-sheet preparation of the ventriculus was used to measure the release of enzymes in response to specific nutrients and known brain/gut hormones in S. frugiperda. Sugars greatly increase (>300%) amylase release, but starch has no effect. Proteins and amino acids have little or no effect on trypsin or aminopeptidase release. The control of enzyme release in response to food is likely mediated through neurohormones. Indeed, an allatostatin (Spofr-AS A5) inhibits amylase and trypsin, and allatotropin (Manse- AT) stimulates amylase and trypsin release. Spofr-AS A5 also inhibits ileum myoactivity and Manse-AT stimulates myoactivity. The epithelial secretion rate of amylase and trypsin was about 20% of the amount of enzyme present in the ventricular lumen, which, considering the efficient counter-current recycling of enzymes, suggests that the secretion rate is adequate to replace egested enzymes.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The increase in transmission of BSA when the protein is close to its IEP (at pH 5), is believed to be due to the lack of electrostatic repulsion between the proteins in the solution and filter cake of protein aggregates formed on the membrane.

64 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20227
2021298
2020300
2019278
2018308
2017306