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Lymphocyte differentiation

About: Lymphocyte differentiation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 832 publications have been published within this topic receiving 50382 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
28 Apr 2000-Science
TL;DR: A gene therapy trial for SCID-X1 was initiated, based on the use of complementary DNA containing a defective gammac Moloney retrovirus-derived vector and ex vivo infection of CD34+ cells, which provided full correction of disease phenotype and clinical benefit.
Abstract: Severe combined immunodeficiency-X1 (SCID-X1) is an X-linked inherited disorder characterized by an early block in T and natural killer (NK) lymphocyte differentiation. This block is caused by mutations of the gene encoding the gammac cytokine receptor subunit of interleukin-2, -4, -7, -9, and -15 receptors, which participates in the delivery of growth, survival, and differentiation signals to early lymphoid progenitors. After preclinical studies, a gene therapy trial for SCID-X1 was initiated, based on the use of complementary DNA containing a defective gammac Moloney retrovirus-derived vector and ex vivo infection of CD34+ cells. After a 10-month follow-up period, gammac transgene-expressing T and NK cells were detected in two patients. T, B, and NK cell counts and function, including antigen-specific responses, were comparable to those of age-matched controls. Thus, gene therapy was able to provide full correction of disease phenotype and, hence, clinical benefit.

2,639 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
10 Aug 2011-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, a collaborative GWAS involving 9,772 cases of European descent collected by 23 research groups working in 15 different countries, they have replicated almost all of the previously suggested associations and identified at least a further 29 novel susceptibility loci.
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis is a common disease of the central nervous system in which the interplay between inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes typically results in intermittent neurological disturbance followed by progressive accumulation of disability. Epidemiological studies have shown that genetic factors are primarily responsible for the substantially increased frequency of the disease seen in the relatives of affected individuals, and systematic attempts to identify linkage in multiplex families have confirmed that variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) exerts the greatest individual effect on risk. Modestly powered genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled more than 20 additional risk loci to be identified and have shown that multiple variants exerting modest individual effects have a key role in disease susceptibility. Most of the genetic architecture underlying susceptibility to the disease remains to be defined and is anticipated to require the analysis of sample sizes that are beyond the numbers currently available to individual research groups. In a collaborative GWAS involving 9,772 cases of European descent collected by 23 research groups working in 15 different countries, we have replicated almost all of the previously suggested associations and identified at least a further 29 novel susceptibility loci. Within the MHC we have refined the identity of the HLA-DRB1 risk alleles and confirmed that variation in the HLA-A gene underlies the independent protective effect attributable to the class I region. Immunologically relevant genes are significantly overrepresented among those mapping close to the identified loci and particularly implicate T-helper-cell differentiation in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

2,511 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
28 Jan 1994-Cell
TL;DR: Insight gained from studies of the signaling pathways downstream of TCR and BCR stimulation is likely to contribute significantly to future understanding of mechanisms responsible for lymphocyte differentiation and for the discrimination of self from nonself in developing and mature cells.

2,122 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Oct 1993-Cell
TL;DR: Bcl-2-/-mice complete embryonic development, but display growth retardation and early mortality postnatally, and turn gray with the second hair follicle cycle, implicating a defect in redox-regulated melanin synthesis.

1,673 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The regulation of antibody production is linked to the generation and maintenance of plasmablasts and plasma cells from their B cell precursors, and the terminal differentiation of B cells can be described as a simple probabilistic process governed by a central gene-regulatory network and modified by environmental stimuli.
Abstract: The regulation of antibody production is linked to the generation and maintenance of plasmablasts and plasma cells from their B cell precursors. Plasmablasts are the rapidly produced and short-lived effector cells of the early antibody response, whereas plasma cells are the long-lived mediators of lasting humoral immunity. An extraordinary number of control mechanisms, at both the cellular and molecular levels, underlie the regulation of this essential arm of the immune response. Despite this complexity, the terminal differentiation of B cells can be described as a simple probabilistic process that is governed by a central gene-regulatory network and modified by environmental stimuli.

1,005 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202146
202029
201920
201825
201724
201625