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Lysis

About: Lysis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6072 publications have been published within this topic receiving 216978 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that the mechanism of chloramphenicol-dependent lysis is based on the ability of chlorampshenicol to relax peptidoglycan synthesis in nongrowing relA+ bacteria.
Abstract: It is generally assumed that inhibitors of peptidoglycan biosynthesis do not kill nongrowing bacteria. An exceptional case is reported here. The addition of chloramphenicol to amino acid-deprived cultures of relA+ strains of Escherichia coli which were treated with beta-lactam antibiotics, D-cycloserine, or moenomycin resulted in lysis. This phenomenon is termed chloramphenicol-dependent lysis. To be effective, chloramphenicol had to be present at its minimum growth-inhibitory concentration (or higher). Analogs of chloramphenicol which did not bind to ribosomes were completely ineffective. Amino acid deprivation was actually not required to demonstrate chloramphenicol-dependent lysis, and cultures treated with growth-inhibitory levels of chloramphenicol alone were lysed when challenged with inhibitors of peptidoglycan synthesis. Peptidoglycan synthesis has been shown previously to be under stringent (relA+) control, and chloramphenicol is known to be an antagonist of stringent control. Thus, it is proposed that the mechanism of chloramphenicol-dependent lysis is based on the ability of chloramphenicol to relax peptidoglycan synthesis in nongrowing relA+ bacteria. This is also consistent with the observation that treatment of amino acid-deprived relA mutants with inhibitors of peptidoglycan synthesis resulted in lysis, i.e., without the mediation of chloramphenicol.

61 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1973-Virology
TL;DR: The infection of Acholeplasma laidlawii cells by MVL 51 virus has been studied, MVL51 is a bullet-shaped virus, about 14 nm wide and 71 nm long, and progeny virus assembly and maturation occur at the cell membrane as the viral particles are extruded.

61 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results for batch-grown cultures showed that there was genotypic variation in the susceptibility of cells to lysis by a muramidase, and the enhancement of lipoteichoic acid production by fructose and sorbitol in batch cultures was not identical in representative strains of S. mutans serotype c.
Abstract: Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt was grown in a chemostat at destined dilution rates in either 0.5% fructose or 0.5% sorbitol and at destined pH values in 0.5% fructose. The yield of cells was affected by the carbohydrate source, as well as by the pH, with the lowest yield being at pH 5.5 in 0.5% fructose. Fructose-grown cells showed greater susceptibility to lysis by a muramidase than the corresponding glucose-grown cells, but there were no marked differences in the lytic susceptibilities of the corresponding cell wall preparations or in the serological reactivities of wall lysates with antiserum to S. mutans Ingbritt. The greatest amounts of cellular lipoteichoic acid were obtained at high dilution rates in both fructose and sorbitol, as well as at high pH values in fructose. The greatest amounts of extracellular lipoteichoic acid were found at low dilution rates, as estimated by rocket immunoelectrophoresis and also by hemagglutination. Three major extracellular protein components were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the effects of growth conditions on these components were determined. Results for batch-grown cultures showed that there was genotypic variation in the susceptibility of cells to lysis by a muramidase. The enhancement of lipoteichoic acid production by fructose and sorbitol in batch cultures was not identical in representative strains of S. mutans serotype c, nor was the effect of fructose found uniformly in representative strains of the different S. mutans serotypes.

61 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that activated protein C accelerates whole blood or plasma-leukocyte clot lysis by modulating activation of the plasminogen system by metabolically active leukocytes.

61 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of Ipa proteins in induction of membrane ruffles upon entry and lysis of the endosome membrane thereafter was investigated and it was shown that IpaC and IpaB interact with lipid vesicles.

61 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023389
2022607
2021123
2020142
2019139
2018161