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Macaque
About: Macaque is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3353 publications have been published within this topic receiving 134506 citations. The topic is also known as: macaques.
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TL;DR: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and cortical unfolding techniques, the retinotopy, motion sensitivity, and functional organization of human area V3A was analyzed and the situation is qualitatively reversed: V3 is reported to be prominently motion-selective, whereas V 3A is less so.
Abstract: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and cortical unfolding techniques, we analyzed the retinotopy, motion sensitivity, and functional organization of human area V3A. These data were compared with data from additional human cortical visual areas, including V1, V2, V3/VP, V4v, and MT (V5). Human V3A has a retinotopy that is similar to that reported previously in macaque: (1) it has a distinctive, continuous map of the contralateral hemifield immediately anterior to area V3, including a unique retinotopic representation of the upper visual field in superior occipital cortex; (2) in some cases the V3A foveal representation is displaced from and superior to the confluent foveal representations of V1, V2, V3, and VP; and (3) inferred receptive fields are significantly larger in human V3A, compared with those in more posterior areas such as V1. However, in other aspects human V3A appears quite different from its macaque counterpart: human V3A is relatively motion-selective, whereas human V3 is less so. In macaque, the situation is qualitatively reversed: V3 is reported to be prominently motion-selective, whereas V3A is less so. As in human and macaque MT, the contrast sensitivity appears quite high in human areas V3 and V3A.
814 citations
TL;DR: Functional MRI in normals while presenting moving visual, tactile, or auditory stimuli revealed increased neural activity evoked by all three stimulus modalities in the depth of the intraparietal sulcus, ventral premotor, and lateral inferior postcentral cortex.
802 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that the adult brains of Old World monkeys produce new hippocampal neurons, and adult macaque monkeys may provide a useful primate model for studying the functional significance of adult neurogenesis.
Abstract: The production of new hippocampal neurons in adulthood has been well documented in rodents. Recent studies have extended these findings to other mammalian species, such as tree shrews and marmoset monkeys. However, hippocampal neurogenesis has not been demonstrated in adult Old World primates. To investigate this possibility, we injected 11 adult Old World monkeys of different ages (5–23 years) with the thymidine analog bromodeoxyuridine and examined the fate of the labeled cells at different survival times by using neuronal and glial markers. In the young-adult and middle-aged monkeys, we found a substantial number of cells that incorporated bromodeoxyuridine and exhibited morphological and biochemical characteristics of immature and mature neurons. New cells located in the dentate gyrus expressed a marker of immature granule neurons, Turned On After Division 64 kDa protein, as well as markers of mature granule neurons including neuron specific enolase, neuronal nuclei, and the calcium-binding protein calbindin. Fewer new cells expressed the astroglial marker glial fibrillary acidic protein. Evidence of neurogenesis was observed in the oldest monkeys (23 years) as well, but it appeared to be less robust. These results indicate that the adult brains of Old World monkeys produce new hippocampal neurons. Adult macaque monkeys may provide a useful primate model for studying the functional significance of adult neurogenesis.
801 citations
TL;DR: This demonstration of adult neurogenesis in nonhuman Old World primates-with their phylogenetic proximity to humans, long life spans, and elaborate cognitive abilities-establishes the macaque as an unexcelled animal model to experimentally investigate issues of neurogen Genesis in humans and offers new insights into its significance in the adult brain.
Abstract: We present evidence for continuous generation of neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult macaque monkeys, using immunohistochemical double labeling for bromodeoxyuridine and cell-type-specific markers We estimate that the relative rate of neurogenesis is approximately 10 times less than that reported in the adult rodent dentate gyrus Nevertheless, the generation of these three cell types in a discreet brain region suggests that a multipotent neural stem cell may be retained in the adult primate hippocampus This demonstration of adult neurogenesis in nonhuman Old World primates—with their phylogenetic proximity to humans, long life spans, and elaborate cognitive abilities—establishes the macaque as an unexcelled animal model to experimentally investigate issues of neurogenesis in humans and offers new insights into its significance in the adult brain
786 citations
TL;DR: The large proportion of bimodal tactile and visual neurons with congruent response properties in area VIP indicates that there are important functional differences between area VIP and other dorsal stream areas involved in the analysis of motion.
Abstract: Duhamel, Jean-Rene, Carol L. Colby, and Michael E. Goldberg. Ventral intraparietal area of the macaque: congruent visual and somatic response properties. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 126–136, 1998. In a pr...
779 citations