Mammography

About: Mammography is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20643 publications have been published within this topic receiving 513679 citations.

Breast cancer diagnosis system based on wavelet analysis and fuzzy-neural

Abstract: The high incidence of breast cancer in women has increased significantly in the recent years. The most familiar breast tumors types are mass and microcalcification. Mammograms-breast X-ray-are considered the most reliable method in early detection of breast cancer. Computer-aided diagnosis system can be very helpful for radiologist in detection and diagnosing abnormalities earlier and faster than traditional screening programs. Several techniques can be used to accomplish this task. In this paper, two techniques are proposed based on wavelet analysis and fuzzy-neural approaches. These techniques are mammography classifier based on globally processed image and mammography classifier based on locally processed image (region of interest). The system is classified normal from abnormal, mass for microcalcification and abnormal severity (benign or malignant). The evaluation of the system is carried out on Mammography Image Analysis Society (MIAS) dataset. The accuracy achieved is satisfied.

Technetium-99m-sestamibi scintimammography of breast lesions: clinical and pathological follow-up.

Abstract: UNLABELLED Mammography and physical examination combined have a sensitivity of 85% for the detection of breast carcinoma. Mammography also has a positive predictive value of 15%-30%. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of scintimammography using 99mTc-sestamibi as a complementary technique to mammography for the detection of breast carcinoma to improve mammography's sensitivity and specificity. METHODS We studied 100 consecutive patients (mean age 48.3 +/- 10.8 yr) who had 106 lesions warranting biopsy (67 lesions) or fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) (39 lesions) of the breast. There were 85 palpable and 21 nonpalpable lesions. The size of the lesions on the mammograms were moderate (2.3 +/- 1.8 x 1.9 +/- 1.5 cm). Each patient received 20 mCi 99mTc-sestamibi intravenously. Five and 60 min postinjection, planar breast images in the lateral prone position were obtained. An anterior erect projection was then obtained to visualize the axilla and, if needed, a posterior oblique prone projection. RESULTS Scintimammography was true-positive in 30 lesions with biopsy-confirmed breast carcinoma; it was true-negative in 65 lesions subsequently proved to be benign. There were nine breast lesions with benign findings in which the scintimammography result was positive (false-positive scintimammography) for cancer. Finally, two lesions with pathologically proven carcinomas demonstrated a negative scintimammographic result. Therefore, in this group, the sensitivity of scintimammography was 93.7% with a specificity of 87.8%; the positive predictive value was 76.9%. The negative predictive value was 97%. CONCLUSION Scintimammography is a highly sensitive test that improves the specificity of conventional mammography for the detection of breast carcinoma.

Volume of Mammographic Density and Risk of Breast Cancer

Abstract: Background: Assessing the volume of mammographic density might more accurately reflect the amount of breast volume at risk of malignant transformation and provide a stronger indication of risk of breast cancer than methods based on qualitative scores or dense breast area. Methods: We prospectively collected mammograms for women undergoing screening mammography. We determined the diagnosis of subsequent invasive or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) for 275 cases, selected 825 controls matched for age, ethnicity, and mammography system, and assessed three measures of breast density: percent dense area, fibroglandular volume, and percent fibroglandular volume. Results: After adjustment for familial breast cancer history, body mass index, history of breast biopsy, and age at first live birth, the odds ratios for breast cancer risk in the highest versus lowest measurement quintiles were 2.5 (95% CI: 1.5, 4.3) for percent dense area, 2.9 (95% CI: 1.7, 4.9) for fibroglandular volume, and 4.1 (95% CI: 2.3, 7.2) for percent fibroglandular volume. Net reclassification indexes for density measures plus risk factors versus risk factors alone were 9.6% (P=0.07) for percent dense area, 21.1% (P=0.0001) for fibroglandular volume, and 14.8% (P=0.004) for percent fibroglandular volume. Fibroglandular volume improved the categorical risk classification of 1 in 5 women for both women with and without breast cancer. Conclusion: Volumetric measures of breast density are more accurate predictors of breast cancer risk than risk factors alone and than percent dense area. Impact: Risk models including dense fibroglandular volume may more accurately predict breast cancer risk than current risk models.

Contrast-enhanced MR imaging of breast lesions and effect on treatment.

Abstract: Purpose. To assess the value of local staging with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with suspect breast lesions and the effect on therapeutic approach. Materials and methods. Two hundred and four consecutive women with suspect breast lesions on clinical examination (CE) and/or mammography (MX) and/or ultrasound (US) underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced MRI. Detection of multifocal, multicentric and bilateral breast cancer by all three imaging modalities was evaluated. Results of preoperative breast MRI were discussed with the treating surgeons. The type of therapeutic change after preoperative MRI was marked on a questionnaire (none, additional fine needle aspiration, core biopsy, open biopsy, wider excision, mastectomy) and considered ‘necessary’ or ‘unnecessary’ using final histopathological results as gold standard. Results. In 170 patients, breast cancer was diagnosed. MRI detected 96% of multifocal disease and 95% of multicentric disease, whereas MX depicted 37 and 18%, and US 41 and 9% of them, respectively. All bilateral breast cancers were seen on MRI; both MX and US detected 56%. Findings of more extensive disease and unsuspected multiple breast cancer foci identified on MRI only, changed the therapeutic approach correctly in 30.6% of breast cancer patients. Nine unnecessary wider excisions and three unnecessary FNA/core biopsies were performed because MRI overestimated the number or size of malignant lesions. Conclusion. Preoperative breast MRI is an important adjunct to conventional imaging in the loco-regional staging of breast cancer and a useful tool in treatment planning.

Impact of Computer-Aided Detection in a Regional Screening Mammography Program

Abstract: OBJECTIVE. This study was conducted to prospectively assess the effect of computer-aided detection (CAD) on screening outcomes in a regional mammography program.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2000, 27,274 consecutive screenings were performed. Radiologists' performance before CAD (n = 7,872) and with CAD (n = 19,402) was determined by annual audits. All positive biopsy results were reviewed; histopathology was reviewed and confirmed. Outcomes (recall, biopsy, and cancer detection rates) with CAD (1999, 2000) were compared with historical control data (1998).RESULTS. With CAD, increases were seen in recall rate (8.1%, from 7.7% to 8.3%), biopsy rate (6.7%, from 1.4% to 1.5%), and cancer detection rate (16.1%, from 3.7 per 1,000 to 4.3 per 1,000). Detection rate of invasive cancers of 1.0 cm or less increased 164% (from 0.508 to 1.34 per 1,000 screens; p = 0.069). Detection rate of in situ cancers declined 6.7% (from 1.27 to 1.19 per 1,000; p = 0.849). In multivariable anal...