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Mammography

About: Mammography is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20643 publications have been published within this topic receiving 513679 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cancer prevention is currently playing a key role in the fight against the disease and behaviour modification, as well as greater awareness among women regarding breast cancer, may significantly contribute towards reducing the incidence of this cancer.
Abstract: Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and is the second cancer frequently occurring worldwide of newly-diagnosed cancers. There is much evidence showing the influence of life style and environmental factors on the development of mammary gland cancer (high-fat diet, alcohol consumption, lack of physical exercise), the elimination of which (primary prevention) may contribute to a decrease in morbidity and mortality. Secondary prevention, comprising diagnostic tests (e.g. mammography, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, breast self-examination, as well as modern and more precise imaging methods) help the early detection of tumours or lesions predisposing to tumours. Objective The aim of this study paper is to review current knowledge and reports regarding primary and secondary prevention of breast cancer. State of knowledge It is estimated that nearly 70% of malign tumours are caused by environmental factors, whereas in breast cancer this percentage reaches 90-95%. There are national programmes established in many countries to fight cancer, where both types of prevention are stressed as serving to decrease morbidity and mortality due to cancers. Conclusions Cancer prevention is currently playing a key role in the fight against the disease. Behaviour modification, as well as greater awareness among women regarding breast cancer, may significantly contribute towards reducing the incidence of this cancer. Another important aspect is the number of women undergoing diagnostic tests, which still remains at an unsatisfactory level.

134 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The optimum acquisition geometry in tomosynthesis imaging of the breast is that which maximizes the angular range while maintaining the number of projections close to the threshold values found.
Abstract: Digital tomosynthesis of the breast continues to be intensively studied as an adjunct or replacement of conventional mammography. Although many of the acquisition parameters found in tomosynthesis imaging are also found in conventional mammography and therefore most of the traditional values from mammography have been used in the former, two acquisition geometry parameters, the angular range covered during acquisition and the number of projections per projection set, are applicable only to tomosynthesis. Therefore, in the preclinical and clinical studies reported on tomosynthesis of the breast, a wide variety of values have been used for these two parameters. In this study, 63 different combinations of angular range and number of projections were evaluated using computer simulation methods to characterize how these two parameters affect reconstruction quality and to find which of these combinations maximize it. For this, a computer simulation of a digital tomosynthesis system that included empirically determined system response characteristics was developed and used to generate 9450 different breast tissue volume reconstructions. These reconstructions were analyzed objectively using metrics for in-plane lesion visibility and vertical resolution in the form of the contrast-to-noise ratio and artifact spread function (ASF). It was found that although maximizing the angular range covered does always increase the vertical resolution in tomosynthesis, increasing the number of projections in the acquisition set beyond a relatively low threshold does not further improve the vertical resolution. This threshold value for the minimal number of projections needed to minimize the ASF was found to vary proportionally with angular range. For example, for a 60 degrees angular range, the threshold number of projections was found to be 13. Given the clear inverse relationship between the number of projections and in-plane reconstruction quality under a limited total glandular dose condition, the optimum acquisition geometry in tomosynthesis imaging of the breast is that which maximizes the angular range while maintaining the number of projections close to the threshold values found. Finally, of the 63 acquisition geometries studied, the one that resulted in the highest quality reconstruction, considering both in-plane quality and vertical resolution, consisted of the acquisition of 13 projections over a 60 degrees angular range.

134 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that the increase in cancer detection resulting from increasing the number of readers depends on thenumber of views, and is higher for one view than two views, as well as close to or above target cancer detection rates.
Abstract: Objective To determine the increased cancer detection rate, if any, of programmes in the UK National Health Service breast screening programme (NHSBSP) using more than single reading of mammograms.Design Information on the detection of cancers by individual screening programmes from annual (KC62) returns, supplemented by questionnaire information about the number of readers.Setting The 87 NHSBSP programmes from England and Wales for the screening year 1 April 1996 to 31 March 1997. The study includes all programmes for prevalent screens where two views are mandatory, but excludes the four programmes using two view mammography for incident screening. Main outcome measuresCancer detection, invasive cancer detection, and small (<15 mm) invasive cancer detection by mammographic reading protocol using single reading as the reference level.Results Programmes collectively using single reading detected the lowest rate of cancers at both prevalent (first) and incident (subsequent) screening. The highest rate of ag...

133 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is a clear benefit to the use of CAD in less experienced radiologist and in detecting breast carcinomas presenting as microcalcifications and as an alternative to double reading in screening mammography.

133 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Combined 2D+3D mammography prolongs image acquisition time and screen-reading time (at initial implementation), and appears to be associated with improved screening accuracy.
Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to supplement the paucity of information available on logistical aspects of the application of three-dimensional (3D) mammography in breast screening. Methods We prospectively examined the effect on radiographers' and radiologists' workload of implementing 3D mammography in screening by comparing image acquisition time and screen-reading time for two-dimensional (2D) mammography with that of combined 2D+3D mammography. Radiologists' accuracy was also calculated. Results Average acquisition time (measured from start of first-view breast positioning to compression release at completion of last view) for seven radiographers, based on 20 screening examinations, was longer for 2D+3D (4 min 3 s; range 3 min 53 s–4 min 18 s) than 2D mammography (3 min 13 s; range 3 min 0 s–3 min 26 s; p<0.01). Average radiologists' reading time per screening examination (three radiologists reading case-mix of 100 screens: 10 cancers, 90 controls) was longer for 2D+3D (77 s; range 60–90 s) than...

133 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023970
20221,954
2021847
2020852
2019865
2018852