scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Mammography

About: Mammography is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20643 publications have been published within this topic receiving 513679 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1977-Cancer
TL;DR: Based on current findings in the HIP study, there appears to be strong support for periodic screening at ages 50 years and over with clinical examination and mammography; to justify screening under 50, new information from other studies is required.
Abstract: Results in the breast cancer screening project of the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York that started the end of 1963 have been updated through December 31, 1975. The HIP study is a randomized trial designed to test whether periodic screening with clinical examination and mammography results in reduced breast cancer mortality among women aged 40–64 years at the start. Study women were offered screening examinations; 65% appeared for initial examinations and a large majority of these women had at least one of the three additional screenings at annual intervals. The control group of women continued to receive their usual medical care. New data support earlier reported results on benefits. During the nine years following date of entry there were 128 breast cancer deaths in the control group as compared with 91 in the study group (screenees plus refusers). The impact of the screening program continues to be confined to women 50 years of age and over with no benefit at ages 40–49 years. Seven-year case fatality rates show similar relationships. Several issues related to screening benefit are considered. Of major importance is the observation of no reduction among women under 50 in breast cancer mortality. The possibility that under different screening conditions (e.g., with current mammography equipment) a benefit would be found needs to be investigated. There is a clear need for rapidly determining whether a new randomized trial is the only way to answer the question and whether experience in the 27 NCI-ACS demonstration projects can provide useful data. Another critical issue concerns the incremental value of mammography in a screening program. Over an eight-year period after diagnosis, breast cancer cases that were positive only on mammography when screened had a case fatality rate of 14%; this compares with 32% for cases positive only in the clinical examination and 41% for cases positive on both modalities. Excluding mammography would have reduced the benefit of screening by an estimated one-third. With regard to risk associated with screening, it is concluded that the increment in risk resulting from radiation exposure in mammography does not offset the benefits of screening above 50 years of age. Below that age, although the risk increment is small, the risk-benefit balance is negative because of the absence of a demonstrated benefit. Another source of risk is related to the possible increase in biopsies. Assessment of the HIP experience suggests that only timing of biopsies was affected, but the potential for considerable variation if screening is adopted widely exists. Based on current findings in the HIP study, there appears to be strong support for periodic screening at ages 50 years and over with clinical examination and mammography; to justify screening under 50, new information from other studies is required.

515 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: MR imaging was the most accurate of the three preoperative imaging modalities in assessing the size and number of malignant lesions in the breast.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the comparative accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging relative to mammography and ultrasonography (US) for assessing the extent of breast tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Histologic results and preoperative imaging findings (mammography, US, MR imaging) were analyzed regarding tumor size and multifocality of 61 tumors in 60 women undergoing mastectomy for carcinoma. RESULTS: In 10% of cases, the index tumor was not seen at mammography. With US, 15% of the index tumors were not recognized, while MR imaging missed 2% of the index tumors. On mammographic and US images, tumor size was underestimated significantly (P < .005), by 14% and 18%, respectively, while MR imaging showed no significant difference in size compared with that found in a pathologic evaluation. Mammography showed 31% of the additional invasive lesions, while US showed 38% and MR imaging showed 100%. CONCLUSION: MR imaging was the most accurate of the three preoperative imaging modalities in assessing the size and nu...

515 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: During the preliminary clinical studies on 27 patients, the LOIS-64 was able to visualize 18 out of 20 malignant lesions suspected from mammography and ultrasound images and confirmed by the biopsy performed after the optoacoustic tomography (OAT) procedure.
Abstract: We designed, fabricated and tested the laser optoacoustic imaging system for breast cancer detection LOIS-64, which fuses optical and acoustic imaging techniques in one modality by utilizing pulsed optical illumination and ultrawide-band ultrasonic detection of resulting optoacoustic OA signals. The system was designed to im- age a single breast slice in craniocaudal or mediolateral projection with an arc-shaped array of 64 ultrawide-band acoustic transducers. The system resolution on breast phantoms was at least 0.5 mm. The single-channel sensitivity of 1.66 mV/Pa was estimated to be suffi- cient for single-pulse imaging of 6t o 11 mm tumors through the whole imaging slice of the breast. The implemented signal processing using the wavelet transform allowed significant reduction of the low- frequency LF acoustic noise, allowed localization of the optoacous- tic signals from tumors, and enhanced the contrast and sharpened the boundaries of the optoacoustic images of the tumors. During the pre- liminary clinical studies on 27 patients, the LOIS-64 was able to visu- alize 18 out of 20 malignant lesions suspected from mammography and ultrasound images and confirmed by the biopsy performed after the optoacoustic tomography OAT procedure. © 2009 Society of Photo-

514 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Careful history taking, physical examination, and regular mammography are recommended for appropriate detection of breast cancer recurrence.
Abstract: Purpose To update the 1999 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guideline on breast cancer follow-up and management in the adjuvant setting. Methods An ASCO Expert Panel reviewed pertinent information from the literature through March 2006. More weight was given to studies that tested a hypothesis directly relating testing to one of the primary outcomes in a randomized design. Results The evidence supports regular history, physical examination, and mammography as the cornerstone of appropriate breast cancer follow-up. All patients should have a careful history and physical examination performed by a physician experienced in the surveillance of cancer patients and in breast examination. Examinations should be performed every 3 to 6 months for the first 3 years, every 6 to 12 months for years 4 and 5, and annually thereafter. For those who have undergone breast-conserving surgery, a post-treatment mammogram should be obtained 1 year after the initial mammogram and at least 6 months after completion ...

508 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The availability of screening mammography was associated with a reduction in the rate of death from breast cancer, but the screening itself accounted for only about a third of the total reduction.
Abstract: Background A challenge in quantifying the effect of screening mammography on breast-cancer mortality is to provide valid comparison groups. The use of historical control subjects does not take into account chronologic trends associated with advances in breastcancer awareness and treatment. Methods The Norwegian breast-cancer screening program was started in 1996 and expanded geographically during the subsequent 9 years. Women between the ages of 50 and 69 years were offered screening mammography every 2 years. We compared the incidence-based rates of death from breast cancer in four groups: two groups of women who from 1996 through 2005 were living in counties with screening (screening group) or without screening (nonscreening group); and two historical-comparison groups that from 1986 through 1995 mirrored the current groups. Results We analyzed data from 40,075 women with breast cancer. The rate of death was reduced by 7.2 deaths per 100,000 person-years in the screening group as compared with the historical screening group (rate ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 to 0.81) and by 4.8 deaths per 100,000 person-years in the nonscreening group as compared with the historical nonscreening group (rate ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.93; P<0.001 for both comparisons), for a relative reduction in mortality of 10% in the screening group (P = 0.13). Thus, the difference in the reduction in mortality between the current and historical groups that could be attributed to screening alone was 2.4 deaths per 100,000 person-years, or a third of the total reduction of 7.2 deaths. Conclusions The availability of screening mammography was associated with a reduction in the rate of death from breast cancer, but the screening itself accounted for only about a third of the total reduction. (Funded by the Cancer Registry of Norway and the Research Council of Norway.)

504 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Breast cancer
214.3K papers, 6.4M citations
86% related
Radiation therapy
76.3K papers, 2M citations
83% related
Cancer
339.6K papers, 10.9M citations
80% related
Magnetic resonance imaging
61K papers, 1.5M citations
80% related
Carcinoma
78.2K papers, 2.2M citations
79% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023970
20221,954
2021847
2020852
2019865
2018852